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Related papers: Residual Entropy and Refinement of the Third-Law E…

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The aim of this work is to analyze the entropy, entropy flux and entropy supply rate of granular fluids within the frameworks of the Boltzmann equation and continuum thermodynamics. It is shown that the entropy inequality for a granular gas…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2010-11-17 Gilberto M. Kremer

The second law of thermodynamics for adiabatic operations -- constraints on state transitions in closed systems under external control -- is one of the fundamental principles of thermodynamics. On the other hand, it is recently established…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-02-09 Yuuya Chiba , Yasushi Yoneta , Ryusuke Hamazaki , Akira Shimizu

We overview the notion of entropy in thermodynamics. We start from the smooth case using differential forms on the manifold, which is the natural language for thermodynamics. Then the axiomatic definition of entropy as ordering on a set…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-11-12 Radosław A. Kycia

A variational principle is further developed for out of equilibrium dynamical systems by using the concept of maximum entropy. With this new formulation it is obtained a set of two first-order differential equations, revealing the same…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2019-03-22 Mario J. Pinheiro

We have made a simple and natural modification of a recent quantum refrigerator model presented by Cleuren et al. in Phys. Rev, Lett.108, 120603 (2012). The original model consist of two metal leads acting as heat baths, and a set of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-03-09 Vegard B. Sørdal , Joakim Bergli , Y. M. Galperin

Entropic Dynamics is a framework in which dynamical laws are derived as an application of entropic methods of inference. No underlying action principle is postulated. Instead, the dynamics is driven by entropy subject to the constraints…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-11 Ariel Caticha

Entropy production is a fundamental concept that plays a crucial role in the second law of thermodynamics and the measure of irreversibility. It imposes rigorous constraints on the kinds of transformations allowed in thermodynamic…

The third law of thermodynamics forbids cooling a physical system to absolute zero in a finite number of operational steps. Although this unattainability principle has been quantified for specific state-to-state transitions, a universal,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-01 Tan Van Vu , Keiji Saito

Fluctuation theorems and the second law of thermodynamics are powerful relations constraining the behavior of out-of-equilibrium systems. While there exist generalizations of these relations to feedback controlled quantum systems, their…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-07 Kacper Prech , Patrick P. Potts

After presenting possible motives for fighting against the second law of thermodynamics, several attempts to beat this law are analyzed. The second law wins, but an interesting interpretation of it emerges. This interpretation uses the…

adap-org · Physics 2015-06-30 Jorge Berger

A systematic modification of the entropy trajectory $S_m(T)$ is observed at very low temperature in magnetically frustrated systems as a consequence of the constraint $S_m\geq 0$ imposed by the third law of thermodynamics. The lack of…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2017-03-20 Julian G. Sereni

The laws of thermodynamics, despite their wide range of applicability, are known to break down when systems are correlated with their environments. Here, we generalize thermodynamics to physical scenarios which allow presence of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-06 Manabendra Nath Bera , Arnau Riera , Maciej Lewenstein , Andreas Winter

When the difference between changes in energy and entropy at a given temperature is correlated with the ratio between the same changes in energy and entropy at zero average free energy of an ensemble of similar but distinct molecule-sized…

General Physics · Physics 2009-06-17 Petr Zimak , Silvia Terenzi , Peter Strazewski

The second law of thermodynamics is the cornerstone of physics, characterizing the convertibility between thermodynamic states through a single function, entropy. Given the universal applicability of thermodynamics, a fundamental question…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-15 Masahito Hayashi , Hayata Yamasaki

Majorization is a fundamental model of uncertainty with several applications in areas ranging from thermodynamics to entanglement theory, and constitutes one of the pillars of the resource-theoretic approach to physics. Here, we improve on…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-06 Pedro Hack , Daniel A. Braun , Sebastian Gottwald

The arrow of time dilemma: the laws of physics are invariant for time inversion, whereas the familiar phenomena we see everyday are not (i.e. entropy increases). I show that, within a quantum mechanical framework, all phenomena which leave…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-04-22 Lorenzo Maccone

We present a general framework for the approximation of systems of hyperbolic balance laws. The novelty of the analysis lies in the construction of suitable relaxation systems and the derivation of a delicate estimate on the relative…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2014-08-06 Alexey Miroshnikov , Konstantina Trivisa

A system composed of identical spins and described by a quantum mechanical pure state is analyzed within the statistical framework presented in Part I of this work. We explicitly derive the typical values of the entropy, of the energy, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-07-22 Barbara Fresch , Giorgio J. Moro

The second law of nonequilibrium thermodynamics within the open system paradigm (a small system coupled to one or multiple baths) is derived. This is done by showing positivity of entropy production for arbitrary Hamiltonian dynamics for a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-08-28 Philipp Strasberg

We study the elastic theory of amorphous solids made of particles with finite range interactions in the thermodynamic limit. For the elastic theory to exist one requires all the elastic coefficients, linear and nonlinear, to attain a finite…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-20 H. G. E. Hentschel , Smarajit Karmakar , Edan Lerner , Itamar Procaccia