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A strong limitation of linear optical quantum computing is the probabilistic operation of two-quantum bit gates based on the coalescence of indistinguishable photons. A route to deterministic operation is to exploit the single-photon…
The linear polarization signals produced by scattering processes in strong resonance lines are rich in information on the magnetic and thermal structure of the chromosphere and transition region of the Sun and of other stars. A correct…
Quantum communication holds a promise for absolutely secure transmission of secret messages and faithful transfer of unknown quantum states. Photonic channels appear to be very attractive for physical implementation of quantum…
Quantum channels in free-space, an essential prerequisite for fundamental tests of quantum mechanics and quantum technologies in open space, have so far been based on direct line-of-sight because the predominant approaches for…
We compare several optical implementations of phase-covariant cloning machines. The experiments are based on copying of the polarization state of a single photon in bulk optics by special unbalanced beam splitter or by balanced beam…
A scheme for linear optical implementation of fault-tolerant quantum computation is proposed, which is based on an error-detecting code. Each computational step is mediated by transfer of quantum information into an ancilla system embedding…
In this Letter, we present quantum secret sharing and secret splitting protocols with single photons running forth and back between the participating parties. The protocol has a high intrinsic efficiency, namely all photons except those…
Unconventional receivers enable reduction of error rates in optical communication systems below the standard quantum limit (SQL) by implementing discrimination strategies for constellation symbols that go beyond the canonical measurement of…
Free-space quantum cryptography plays an integral role in realizing a global-scale quantum internet system. Compared to fiber-based communication networks, free-space networks experience significantly less decoherence and photon loss due to…
Time-bin entanglement is the most commonly used form of entanglement for quantum communication protocols over fiber networks, due to the natural resilience of this encoding scheme to thermal phase fluctuations in optical fibers. Projective…
The extraction of information carried by light plays an increasingly important role in optical communication, imaging, and detection. However, the information can only be successfully extracted when the light pulse is comparably strong,…
We consider the propagation of polarized photons in optical fibers under the action of randomly generated noise. In such situation, the change in time of the photon polarization can be described by a quantum dynamical semigroup. We show…
The development of new techniques to improve measurements is crucial for all sciences. By employing quantum systems as sensors to probe some physical property of interest allows the application of quantum resources, such as coherent…
Based on the ideal of order rearrangement and block transmission of photons, we present a quantum secure direct communication scheme using single photons. The security of the present scheme is ensured by quantum no-cloning theory and the…
Systematic errors are inevitable in most measurements performed in real life because of imperfect measurement devices. Reducing systematic errors is crucial to ensuring the accuracy and reliability of measurement results. To this end,…
We theoretically study the transmission of few-photon quantum fields through a strongly nonlinear optical medium. We develop a general approach to investigate non-equilibrium quantum transport of bosonic fields through a finite-size…
We present a realistic scheme for how to construct a single-photon transistor where the presence or absence of a single microwave photon controls the propagation of a subsequent strong signal signal field. The proposal is designed to work…
We present two protocols for the single-photon entanglement concentration. With the help of the 50:50 beam splitter, variable beam splitter and an auxiliary photon, we can concentrate a less-entangled single-photon state into a maximally…
We consider the problem of demodulating M-ary optical PPM (pulse-position modulation) waveforms, and propose a structured receiver whose mean probability of symbol error is smaller than all known receivers, and approaches the quantum limit.…
We propose a cryptographic scheme that is deterministic: Alice sends single photons to Bob, and each and every photon detected supplies one key bit -- no photon is wasted. This is in marked contrast to other schemes in which a random…