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The magnetometric technique of First Order Reversal Curve (FORC) analysis, applicable to hysteretic systems, is introduced to the study of superconducting samples. Some typical superconducting structures in FORC diagram are identified, and…

Superconductivity · Physics 2023-05-30 E. R. Di Lascio

In conventional FORC (First Order Reversal Curve) analysis of a magnetic system, reversible and low-coercivity irreversible materials are treated as being qualitatively different: the FORC distribution shows low-coercivity materials but…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-11-07 P. B. Visscher

The first order reversal curve (FORC) method is a macroscopic measurement technique which can be used to extract quantitative, microscopic properties of hysteretic systems. Using magnetic transmission X-ray microscopy (MTXM), local…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-06-12 Dustin A. Gilbert , Mi-Young Im , Kai Liu , Peter Fischer

The generic problem of extracting information on intrinsic particle properties from the whole class of interacting magnetic fine particle systems is a long standing and difficult inverse problem. As an example, the Switching Field…

Materials Science · Physics 2016-11-29 Sergiu Ruta , Ondrej Hovorka , Pin-Wei Huang , Kangkang Wang , Ganping Ju , Roy Chantrell

First Order Reversal Curves (FORCs) have been used for a number of years for the extraction of information from magnetization measurements. The results are most unambiguous for irreversible processes -- for a collection of Preisach…

Materials Science · Physics 2016-10-31 P. B. Visscher

First Order Reversal Curve (FORC) diagrams are a popular tool in geophysics and materials science for the characterization of magnetic particles of natural and synthetic origin. However, there is still a lot of controversy about the…

Combined first order reversal curve (FORC) analyses of the magnetization (M-FORC) and magnetoresistance (MR-FORC) have been employed to provide a comprehensive study of the M-MR correlation in two canonical systems: a NiFe/Cu/FePt pseudo…

Materials Science · Physics 2014-09-12 Randy K. Dumas , Peter K. Greene , Dustin A. Gilbert , Li Ye , Chaolin Zha , Johan Åkerman , Kai Liu

Recent research on CoPd alloys with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) has suggested that they might be useful as the pinning layer in CoFeB/MgO-based perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions (pMTJ's) for various spintronic applications…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-03-12 Joseph. B. Abugri , Billy D. Clark , P. B. Visscher , Jie Gong , Subhadra Gupta

The first order reversal curve (FORC) method is a magnetometry based technique used to capture nanoscale magnetic phase separation and interactions with macroscopic measurements using minor hysteresis loop analysis. This makes the FORC…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-12-22 Dustin A. Gilbert , Peyton D. Murray , Julius De Rojas , Randy K. Dumas , Joseph E. Davies , Kai Liu

The first-order reversal curve (FORC) method for analysis of systems undergoing hysteresis is applied to dynamical models of electrochemical adsorption. In this setting, the method can not only differentiate between discontinuous and…

Materials Science · Physics 2007-05-23 I. Abou Hamad , D. T. Robb , P. A. Rikvold

We introduce a new method based on the first-order-reversal-curve (FORC) diagram to extract the intrinsic (microscopic) switching-field distribution (SFD) of perpendicular recording media (PRM). To demonstrate the viability of the method,…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-11 Michael Winklhofer , Gergely T. Zimanyi

The recently obtained spin-crossover nanoparticles are possible candidates for applications in the recording media industry as materials for data storage, or as pressure and temperature sensors. For these applications the intermolecular…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-23 Laurentiu Stoleriu , Alexandru Stancu , Pradip Chakraborty , Andreas Hauser , Cristian Enachescu

A novel method to study the fundamental problem of quantum double well potential systems that display magnetic hysteresis is proposed. The method, coined quantum-first-order reversal curve (QFORC) analysis, is inspired by the conventional…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-16 Fanny Béron , Miguel A. Novak , Maria G. F. Vaz , Guilherme P. Guedes , Marcelo Knobel , Amir Caldeira , Kleber R. Pirota

In artificial spin ice (ASI), magnetic interactions between nanomagnets determine both the stable states and the switching pathways under an applied field. Here, first-order reversal curve (FORC) measurements are used to map how these…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-04-28 Brindaban Ojha , Matías P. Grassi , Vassilios Kapaklis

First-order reversal curves (FORC) diagram method is one of the most successful characterization techniques used to characterize complex hysteretic phenomena not only in magnetism, but also in other areas of science like in…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-02-20 Dorin Cimpoesu , Ioan Dumitru , Alexandru Stancu

Magnetization reversal in exchange-spring magnet films has been investigated by a First Order Reversal Curve (FORC) technique and vector magnetometry. In Fe/epitaxial-SmCo films, the reversal proceeds by a reversible rotation of the Fe soft…

Materials Science · Physics 2007-05-23 Joseph E. Davies , Olav Hellwig , Eric E. Fullerton , J. S. Jiang , S. D. Bader , G. T. Zimanyi , Kai Liu

Multiphase magnetic systems are common in nature and are increasingly being recognized in technical applications. One characterization method which has shown great promise for determining separate and collective effects of multiphase…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-02-14 Yue Cao , Mostafa Ahmadzadeh , Ke Xu , Brad Dodrill , John S. McCloy

First-order reversal curves (FORC) measurements are broadly used for characterization of complex magnetic nanostructures, but a robust framework for quantitative analysis of the FORC data is still obscure despite numerous studies over…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-12-02 Mohammad Reza Zamani Kouhpanji , Bethanie J H Stadler

We have fabricated nanoscale magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) with an additional fixed magnetic layer added above the magnetic free layer of a standard MTJ structure. This acts as a second source of spin-polarized electrons that, depending…

To develop a full understanding of interactions in nanomagnet arrays is a persistent challenge, critically impacting their technological acceptance. This paper reports the experimental, numerical and analytical investigation of interactions…

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