Related papers: What is Nonreciprocity?
This paper is the second part of a two-part paper on \emph{Electromagnetic (EM) Nonreciprocity (NR)}. Part~I has defined NR, pointed out that linear NR is a stronger form of NR than nonlinear (NL) NR, explained EM Time-Reversal (TR)…
This tutorial provides an intuitive and concrete description of the phenomena of electromagnetic nonreciprocity that will be useful for readers with engineering or physics backgrounds. The notion of time reversal and its different…
Reciprocity is a fundamental symmetry property observed across many physical domains, including acoustics, elasticity, electromagnetics, and thermodynamics. In systems and control theory, it provides key insights into the internal structure…
Nonreciprocity has been introduced to various fields to realize asymmetric, nonlinear, and/or time non-revisal physical systems. By virtue of the Maxwell-Betti reciprocal theorem, breaking the time-reversal symmetry of dynamic mechanical…
Reciprocity is a fundamental symmetry present in many natural phenomena and engineered systems. Distinct situations where this symmetry is broken are typically grouped under the umbrella term "nonreciprocity", colloquially defined by: the…
One of the key contributions of the 1972 seminal paper by Willems was the analysis of symmetry (also called reciprocity) of input-state-output systems, both from an external (input-output) and internal (state) point of view. The developed…
Reciprocity is a fundamental principle governing various physical systems, which ensures that the transfer function between any two points in space is identical, regardless of geometrical or material asymmetries. Breaking this transmission…
Breaking Lorentz reciprocity was believed to be a prerequisite for nonreciprocal transmissions of light fields, so the possibility of nonreciprocity by linear optical systems was mostly ignored. We put forward a structure of three mutually…
Reciprocity is a fundamental principle follows the time reversal symmetry of physics. However, many practical applications require breaking time reversal symmetry, hence, are called nonreciprocal. This article aims at discussing time…
Circumventing the reciprocity invariance has posed an interesting challenge in the design of modern devices for wave engineering. In passive devices, operating the device in the nonlinear response regime is a common means for realizing…
Nonreciprocal theories are used to model a broad array of non-equilibrium phenomena found in nature ranging from biological systems like networks of neurons to the behavior of overflowing water fountains. This includes systems broadly…
It is proven, without using the microscopic reversibility argument of Onsager, that lossy reciprocal systems have a hidden time-reversal symmetry. The key idea is that the dissipation channels of lossy dielectrics can be mimicked by a…
Linear time-invariant (LTI) systems appear frequently in natural sciences and engineering contexts. Many LTI systems are described by ordinary differential equations (ODEs). For example, biological gene regulation, analog filter circuits,…
In the article "Nonreciprocal Light Propagation in a Silicon Photonic Circuit" (Science 333, 729-733 (2011) a nonreciprocal waveguide system based on a combination of silicon, dielectrics and metals is reported. In this Comment it is…
Having in mind that physical systems have different levels of structure we develop the concept of external, internal and total improper Lorentz transformation (space inversion and time reversal). A particle obtained from the ordinary one by…
Recursive filters are treated as linear time-invariant (LTI) systems but they are not: uninitialised, they have an infinite number of outputs for any given input, while if initialised, they are not time-invariant. This short tutorial…
Optical nonreciprocity is the phenomenon where light behaves differently when traveling in the forward direction compared to the backward direction. This nonreciprocal behavior is typically achieved in systems that exhibit electromagnetic…
Most present-day resonant systems, throughout physics and engineering, are characterized by a strict time-reversal symmetry between the rates of energy coupled in and out of the system, which leads to a trade-off between how long a wave can…
Frequency domain analysis of linear time-invariant (LTI) systems in feedback with static nonlinearities is a classical and fruitful topic of nonlinear systems theory. We generalize this approach beyond equilibrium stability analysis with…
The linear laws of transport phenomena are central in our description of irreversible processes in systems across the physical sciences. Linear irreversible thermodynamics allows for the identification of the underlying forces driving…