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Speaker embeddings are widely used in speaker verification systems and other applications where it is useful to characterise the voice of a speaker with a fixed-length vector. These embeddings tend to be treated as "black box" encodings,…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Mark Huckvale

In this paper we present a data-driven, integrated approach to speaker verification, which maps a test utterance and a few reference utterances directly to a single score for verification and jointly optimizes the system's components using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-09-29 Georg Heigold , Ignacio Moreno , Samy Bengio , Noam Shazeer

Understanding learners' cognitive and affective states underpins adaptive educational systems and effective teaching. Although research links nonverbal cues to internal states, no framework calibrates them to evidence. We present the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Sherzod Turaev , Mary John , Jaloliddin Rustamov , Zahiriddin Rustamov , Saja Aldabet , Nazar Zaki , Khaled Shuaib

In the realm of human-AI dialogue, the facilitation of empathetic responses is important. Validation is one of the key communication techniques in psychology, which entails recognizing, understanding, and acknowledging others' emotional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Zi Haur Pang , Yahui Fu , Divesh Lala , Keiko Ochi , Koji Inoue , Tatsuya Kawahara

Speaker recognition systems are widely used in various applications to identify a person by their voice; however, the high degree of variability in speech signals makes this a challenging task. Dealing with emotional variations is very…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Ali Bou Nassif , Ismail Shahin , Ashraf Elnagar , Divya Velayudhan , Adi Alhudhaif , Kemal Polat

In this paper, we address the problem of speaker verification in conditions unseen or unknown during development. A standard method for speaker verification consists of extracting speaker embeddings with a deep neural network and processing…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-08-18 Luciana Ferrer , Mitchell McLaren , Niko Brummer

Successful active speaker detection requires a three-stage pipeline: (i) audio-visual encoding for all speakers in the clip, (ii) inter-speaker relation modeling between a reference speaker and the background speakers within each frame, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Okan Köpüklü , Maja Taseska , Gerhard Rigoll

Emotional voice conversion aims to convert the emotion of speech from one state to another while preserving the linguistic content and speaker identity. The prior studies on emotional voice conversion are mostly carried out under the…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-10-14 Kun Zhou , Berrak Sisman , Mingyang Zhang , Haizhou Li

Speaker Verification (SV) systems involve mainly two individual stages: feature extraction and classification. In this paper, we explore these two modules with the aim of improving the performance of a speaker verification system under…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-06 Kerlos Atia Abdalmalak , Ascensión Gallardo-Antol'in

Speech signals are subjected to more acoustic interference and emotional factors than other signals. Noisy emotion-riddled speech data is a challenge for real-time speech processing applications. It is essential to find an effective way to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-25 Shibani Hamsa , Ismail Shahin , Youssef Iraqi , Ernesto Damiani , Naoufel Werghi

We introduce 3D-Speaker-Toolkit, an open-source toolkit for multimodal speaker verification and diarization, designed for meeting the needs of academic researchers and industrial practitioners. The 3D-Speaker-Toolkit adeptly leverages the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-30 Yafeng Chen , Siqi Zheng , Hui Wang , Luyao Cheng , Tinglong Zhu , Rongjie Huang , Chong Deng , Qian Chen , Shiliang Zhang , Wen Wang , Xihao Li

Multichannel speech enhancement algorithms are essential for improving the intelligibility of speech signals in noisy environments. These algorithms are usually evaluated at the utterance level, but this approach overlooks the disparities…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Nasser-Eddine Monir , Paul Magron , Romain Serizel

Speaker extraction seeks to extract the target speech in a multi-talker scenario given an auxiliary reference. Such reference can be auditory, i.e., a pre-recorded speech, visual, i.e., lip movements, or contextual, i.e., phonetic sequence.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Junjie Li , Meng Ge , Zexu Pan , Longbiao Wang , Jianwu Dang

As audio-first agents become increasingly common in physical AI, conversational robots, and screenless wearables, audio large language models (audio-LLMs) must integrate speaker-specific understanding to support user authorization,…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-15 KiHyun Nam , Jungwoo Heo , Siu Bae , Ha-Jin Yu , Joon Son Chung

Speech emotions play a crucial role in human-computer interaction, shaping engagement and context-aware communication. Despite recent advances in spoken dialogue systems, a holistic system for evaluating emotional reasoning is still…

The performance of speaker verification systems degrades when vocal effort conditions between enrollment and test (e.g., shouted vs. normal speech) are different. This is a potential situation in non-cooperative speaker verification tasks.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-07 Santi Prieto , Alfonso Ortega , Iván López-Espejo , Eduardo Lleida

Traditional voice conversion(VC) has been focused on speaker identity conversion for speech with a neutral expression. We note that emotional expression plays an essential role in daily communication, and the emotional style of speech can…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-22 Zongyang Du , Berrak Sisman , Kun Zhou , Haizhou Li

Streaming multi-talker speech translation is a task that involves not only generating accurate and fluent translations with low latency but also recognizing when a speaker change occurs and what the speaker's gender is. Speaker change…

This paper discusses one of the most challenging practical engineering problems in speaker recognition systems - the version control of models and user profiles. A typical speaker recognition system consists of two stages: the enrollment…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-17 Quan Wang , Ignacio Lopez Moreno

In speech emotion recognition (SER), using predefined features without considering their practical importance may lead to high dimensional datasets, including redundant and irrelevant information. Consequently, high-dimensional learning…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Alaa Nfissi , Wassim Bouachir , Nizar Bouguila , Brian Mishara