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The response of thermodynamic systems perturbed out of an equilibrium steady-state is described by the reciprocal and the fluctuation-dissipation relations. The so-called fluctuation theorems extended the study of fluctuations far beyond…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-02-21 Matteo Polettini , Massimiliano Esposito

We derive the low-energy effective action governing the infrared dynamics of relativistic superfluids at finite temperature. We organize our derivation in an effective field theory fashion-purely in terms of infrared degrees of freedom and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-09-20 Alberto Nicolis

We classify all possible allowed constitutive relations of relativistic fluids in a statistical mechanical limit using the Schwinger-Keldysh effective action for hydrodynamics. We find that microscopic unitarity enforces genuinely new…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-11-28 Kristan Jensen , Raja Marjieh , Natalia Pinzani-Fokeeva , Amos Yarom

The search for the conjectured QCD critical point in heavy-ion collisions requires to account for far-from equilibrium effects as well as fluctuations, and in particular non-Gaussian fluctuations, in the modeling of the dynamics of the hot…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-04-29 Navid Abbasi , Dirk H. Rischke

Recent developments in generalized symmetries have provided new insights into quantum field theories. Within this framework, photons can be understood as Nambu-Goldstone modes associated with a spontaneously broken higher-form symmetry. In…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-01-05 Genki Yoshimura , Yukinao Akamatsu , Yuji Hirono

We construct a quantum Schwinger-Keldysh (SK) effective field theory for the diffusive hydrodynamics of a conserved scalar field. Quantum corrections within the SK framework are guided by fluctuation-dissipation relations, enforced via a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-01-30 Akash Jain

We consider the low-energy effective field theory describing the infrared dynamics of non-dissipative fluids. We extend previous work to accommodate conserved charges, and we clarify the matching between field theory variables and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2012-08-23 Sergei Dubovsky , Lam Hui , Alberto Nicolis , Dam Thanh Son

We construct a gravitational open extension of the effective field theory of inflation in the Schwinger-Keldysh framework. While physical symmetries allow many open operators in the Schwinger-Keldysh action, most of them overconstrain the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-12-25 Perseas Christodoulidis , Jinn-Ouk Gong

We provide a complete derivation of hydrodynamic equations for nonrelativistic systems based on quantum field theories of spinless Schr\"odeinger fields, assuming that an initial density operator takes a special form of the local Gibbs…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-10-07 Masaru Hongo

We construct a holographic dual of the Schwinger-Keldysh effective action for the dissipative low-energy dynamics of relativistic charged matter at strong coupling in a fixed thermal background. To do so, we use a mixed signature bulk…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-06-26 Jan de Boer , Michal P. Heller , Natalia Pinzani-Fokeeva

We develop a Schwinger--Keldysh effective theory for quantum-interference corrections in a two-dimensional electron system in the hydrodynamic regime. Starting from the clean hydrodynamic fixed point, we introduce a minimal random-friction…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-05-27 Alberto Cortijo

We introduce an effective action for non-dissipative magnetohydrodynamics. A crucial guiding principle is the generalized global symmetry of electrodynamics, which naturally leads to introducing a "dual photon" as the degree of freedom…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-11-13 Paolo Glorioso , Dam Thanh Son

We formulate the Schwinger-Keldysh effective field theory of hydrodynamics without boost symmetry. This includes a spacetime covariant formulation of classical hydrodynamics without boosts with an additional conserved particle/charge…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-09-15 Jay Armas , Akash Jain

Collective modes propagating in a moving superfluid are known to satisfy wave equations in a curved space time, with a metric determined by the underlying superflow. We use the Keldysh technique in a curved space-time to develop a quantum…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2018-07-03 Aydin Cem Keser , Victor Galitski

Density-functional theory for superfluid systems is developed in the framework of the functional renormalization group based on the effective action formalism. We introduce the effective action for the particle-number and nonlocal pairing…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2021-05-11 Takeru Yokota , Haruki Kasuya , Kenichi Yoshida , Teiji Kunihiro

The SYK model has played an important role in recent developments in many-body quantum chaos. We study a spatially local generalisation of it: the SYK lattice. Starting from the nonlinear action of pseudo-Goldstone bosons that dominate its…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-04-22 Marta Bucca , Akash Jain , Márk Mezei , Alexey Milekhin

Starting from the microscopic description of a normal fluid in terms of any kind of local interacting many-particle theory we present a well defined step by step procedure to derive the hydrodynamic equations for the macroscopic phenomena.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-02-10 Rudolf Haussmann

We present two approaches for describing chemical reactions taking place in fluid phase. The first method mirrors the usual derivation of the hydrodynamic equations of motion by relating conserved---or to account for chemical reactions,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-06-25 Michael J. Landry

While conventional hydrodynamics incorporating dissipative effects is hard to derive from an action principle, it is nevertheless possible to construct classical actions when the dissipative terms are switched off. In this note we undertake…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-03-04 Jyotirmoy Bhattacharya , Sayantani Bhattacharyya , Mukund Rangamani

We present an effective field theory approach to the topological response of Floquet systems with symmetry group $G$. This is achieved by introducing a background $G$ gauge field in the Schwinger-Keldysh formalism, which is suitable for far…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-02-17 Paolo Glorioso , Andrey Gromov , Shinsei Ryu