Related papers: Comparative Study of Eight Formal Specifications o…
Validation is one of the software engineering disciplines that help build quality into software. The major objective of software validation process is to determine that the software performs its intended functions correctly and provide…
Large language models (LLMs) offer personalized responses based on user interactions, but this use case raises serious privacy concerns. Homomorphic encryption (HE) is a cryptographic protocol supporting arithmetic computations in encrypted…
To model real-world software systems, modelling paradigms should support a form of compositionality. In interface theory and model-based testing with inputs and outputs, conjunctive operators have been introduced: the behaviour allowed by…
It is important to have multi-agent robotic system specifications that ensure correctness properties of safety and liveness. As these systems have concurrency, and often have dynamic environment, the formal specification and verification of…
The deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) in embodied agents creates an urgent need to measure their privacy awareness in the physical world. Existing evaluation methods, however, are confined to natural language based scenarios. To…
Formal verification has recently been increasingly used to prove the correctness and security of many applications. It is attractive because it can prove the absence of errors with the same certainty as mathematicians proving theorems.…
Authentication provides the trust people need to engage in transactions. The advent of physical keys that are impossible to copy promises to revolutionize this field. Up to now, such keys have been verified by classical challenge-response…
Identification and authentication are two basic functionalities of traditional random access protocols. In ALOHA-based random access, the packets usually include a field with a unique user address. However, when the number of users is…
Interference Alignment (IA) is a transmission scheme which achieves 1/2 Degrees-of-Freedom (DoF) per transmit-antenna per user. The constraints imposed on the scheme are based on the linear receiver since conventional IA assumes Gaussian…
This work reports that the Systematic Literature Review process is responsible for providing theoretical support to research in the Threat Model and Multi-Factor Authentication. However, different from the related works, this study aims to…
Malware often uses obfuscation techniques or is modified slightly to evade signature detection from antivirus software and malware analysis tools. Traditionally, to determine if a file is malicious and identify what type of malware a sample…
A selection of algorithms for the rational approximation of matrix-valued functions are discussed, including variants of the interpolatory AAA method, the RKFIT method based on approximate least squares fitting, vector fitting, and a method…
Mathematical formulae carry complex and essential semantic information in a variety of formats. Accessing this information with different systems requires a standardized machine-readable format that is capable of encoding presentational and…
Over the past decade, machine learning has demonstrated impressive results, often surpassing human capabilities in sensing tasks relevant to autonomous flight. Unlike traditional aerospace software, the parameters of machine learning models…
Annually, research teams spend large amounts of money to evaluate the quality of machine translation systems (WMT, inter alia). This is expensive because it requires a lot of expert human labor. In the recently adopted annotation protocol,…
The popularity of large language models (LLMs) continues to grow, and LLM-based assistants have become ubiquitous. Information security awareness (ISA) is an important yet underexplored area of LLM safety. ISA encompasses LLMs' security…
System Instructions in Large Language Models (LLMs) are commonly used to enforce safety policies, define agent behavior, and protect sensitive operational context in agentic AI applications. These instructions may contain sensitive…
Rewriting logic is a natural and expressive framework for the specification of concurrent systems and logics. The Maude specification language provides an implementation of this formalism that allows executing, verifying, and analyzing the…
Modern radio-frequency (RF) instruments, such as vector network analyzers (VNAs), already provide mature remote-control interfaces. However, practical RF measurement workflows still rely on manual operation or custom scripting, which is…
We propose a two-factor authentication (2FA) mechanism called 2D-2FA to address security and usability issues in existing methods. 2D-2FA has three distinguishing features: First, after a user enters a username and password on a login…