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We study the impact of finite-size effects on the key rate of continuous-variable (CV) measurement-device-independent (MDI) quantum key distribution (QKD). Inspired by the parameter estimation technique developed in [Rupert \textit{et al.}…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-25 Panagiotis Papanastasiou , Carlo Ottaviani , Stefano Pirandola

The goal of this paper is to extend the framework of finite size analysis recently developed for quantum key distribution to continuous-variable protocols. We do not solve this problem completely here, and we mainly consider the finite size…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-06-29 Anthony Leverrier , Frédéric Grosshans , Philippe Grangier

We consider continuous-variable quantum key distribution with discrete-alphabet encodings. In particular, we study protocols where information is encoded in the phase of displaced coherent (or thermal) states, even though the results can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-18 Panagiotis Papanastasiou , Stefano Pirandola

Quantum cryptographic protocols solve the longstanding problem of distributing a shared secret string to two distant users by typically making use of one-way quantum channel. However, alternative protocols exploiting two-way quantum channel…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-01 Jesni Shamsul Shaari , Stefano Mancini

In this thesis we study the finite-size analysis of two continuous-variables quantum key distribution schemes. The first one is the one-way protocol using Gaussian modulation of thermal states and the other is the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-06-13 Panagiotis Papanastasiou

We study the security of two-way quantum cryptography at different wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum, from the optical range down to the microwave range. In particular, we consider a two-way quantum communication protocol where…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-01-17 Christian Weedbrook , Carlo Ottaviani , Stefano Pirandola

We investigate the security against collective attacks of a continuous variable quantum key distribution scheme in the asymptotic key limit for a realistic setting. The quantum channel connecting the two honest parties is assumed to be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-12-12 Matthias Heid , Norbert Lütkenhaus

We consider the security of continuous-variable quantum key distribution using thermal (or noisy) Gaussian resource states. Specifically, we analyze this against collective Gaussian attacks using direct and reverse reconciliation where both…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-04-17 Christian Weedbrook , Stefano Pirandola , Timothy C. Ralph

Unconditionally secure message authentication is an important part of quantum cryptography (QC). In this correspondence, we analyze security effects of using a key obtained from QC for authentication purposes in later rounds of QC. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-05 Jorgen Cederlof , Jan-Åke Larsson

We present a finite-size security proof for generic quantum key distribution protocols against independent and identically distributed collective attacks and extend it to coherent attacks using the postselection technique. This work…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-11 Lars Kamin , Devashish Tupkary , Norbert Lütkenhaus

For a quantum channel with additive Gaussian quantum noise, at the large input energy side, we prove that the one shot capacity is achieved by the thermal noise state for all Gaussian state inputs, it is also true for non-Gaussian input in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Xiao-yu Chen

In this letter, first, we investigate the security of a continuous-variable quantum cryptographic scheme with a postselection process against individual beam splitting attack. It is shown that the scheme can be secure in the presence of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Ryo Namiki , Takuya Hirano

Free-space channels provide the possibility of establishing continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) in global communication networks. However, the fluctuating nature of transmissivity in these channels introduces an extra…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-27 Nedasadat Hosseinidehaj , Nathan Walk , Timothy C. Ralph

We introduce a geometric quantification of quantum coherence in single-mode Gaussian states and we investigate the behavior of distance measures as functions of different physical parameters. In the case of squeezed thermal states, we…

Quantum conditional entropies play a fundamental role in quantum information theory. In quantum key distribution, they are exploited to obtain reliable lower bounds on the secret-key rates in the finite-size regime, against collective…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-05 Gabriele Staffieri , Giovanni Scala , Cosmo Lupo

We consider the security of continuous-variable quantum cryptography as we approach the classical-limit, i.e., when the unknown preparation noise at the sender's station becomes significantly noisy or thermal (even by as much as 10,000…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-04-17 Christian Weedbrook , Stefano Pirandola , Seth Lloyd , Timothy C. Ralph

Quantum key distribution (QKD) establishes secure links between remote communication parties. As a key problem for various QKD protocols, security analysis gives the amount of secure keys regardless of the eavesdropper's computational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-26 Hongyi Zhou , Toshihiko Sasaki , Masato Koashi

A security evaluation against the finite-key-size effect was performed for a commercial plug-and-play quantum key distribution (QKD) system. We demonstrate the ability of an eavesdropper to force the system to distill key from a smaller…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-29 Poompong Chaiwongkhot , Shihan Sajeed , Lars Lydersen , Vadim Makarov

We study the impact of the finite-size effect on the continuous-variable measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (CV-MDI QKD) protocol, mainly considering the finite-size effect on the parameter estimation procedure. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-07 Xueying Zhang , Yi-Chen Zhang , Yijia Zhao , Xiangyu Wang , Song Yu , Hong Guo

Noise causes severe difficulties in implementing quantum computing and quantum cryptography. Several schemes have been suggested to reduce this problem, mainly focusing on quantum computation. Motivated by quantum cryptography, we suggest a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 T. Mor
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