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Travelling Salesperson Problems (TSPs) and Vehicle Routing Problems (VRPs) have achieved reasonable improvement in accuracy and computation time with the adaptation of Machine Learning (ML) methods. However, none of the previous works…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Cong Dao Tran , Thong Bach , Truong Son Hy

Reasoning language models perform well on complex tasks but are costly to deploy due to their size and long reasoning traces. We propose a routing approach that assigns each problem to the smallest model likely to solve it, reducing compute…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Bo Zhao , Berkcan Kapusuzoglu , Kartik Balasubramaniam , Sambit Sahu , Supriyo Chakraborty , Genta Indra Winata

Constructive neural combinatorial optimization (NCO) has attracted growing research attention due to its ability to solve complex routing problems without relying on handcrafted rules. However, existing NCO methods face significant…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Changliang Zhou , Xi Lin , Zhenkun Wang , Qingfu Zhang

While there are optimal TSP solvers, as well as recent learning-based approaches, the generalization of the TSP to the Multiple Traveling Salesmen Problem is much less studied. Here, we design a neural network solution that treats the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-18 Yoav Kaempfer , Lior Wolf

Combinatorial optimization has found applications in numerous fields, from aerospace to transportation planning and economics. The goal is to find an optimal solution among a finite set of possibilities. The well-known challenge one faces…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-06-03 Quentin Cappart , Thierry Moisan , Louis-Martin Rousseau , Isabeau Prémont-Schwarz , Andre Cire

Path finding in graphs is one of the most studied classes of problems in computer science. In this context, search algorithms are often extended with heuristics for a more efficient search of target nodes. In this work we combine recent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-04-20 Danilo Numeroso , Davide Bacciu , Petar Veličković

Deep neural networks based on reinforcement learning (RL) for solving combinatorial optimization (CO) problems are developing rapidly and have shown a tendency to approach or even outperform traditional solvers. However, existing methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Chaoyang Wang , Pengzhi Cheng , Jingze Li , Weiwei Sun

We introduce a method based on the Public Goods Game for solving optimization tasks. In particular, we focus on the Traveling Salesman Problem, i.e. a NP-hard problem whose search space exponentially grows increasing the number of cities.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-08-30 Marco Alberto Javarone

Machine Learning (ML) methods have become a useful tool for tackling vehicle routing problems, either in combination with popular heuristics or as standalone models. However, current methods suffer from poor generalization when tackling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-18 Ahmad Bdeir , Jonas K. Falkner , Lars Schmidt-Thieme

Vehicle Routing Problems (VRP) are an extension of the Traveling Salesperson Problem and are a fundamental NP-hard challenge in combinatorial optimization. Solving VRP in real-time at large scale has become critical in numerous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Ido Greenberg , Piotr Sielski , Hugo Linsenmaier , Rajesh Gandham , Shie Mannor , Alex Fender , Gal Chechik , Eli Meirom

Interaction-aware planning for autonomous driving requires an exploration of a combinatorial solution space when using conventional search- or optimization-based motion planners. With Deep Reinforcement Learning, optimal driving strategies…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-02-08 Julian Bernhard , Robert Gieselmann , Klemens Esterle , Alois Knoll

We initiate the study of online routing problems with predictions, inspired by recent exciting results in the area of learning-augmented algorithms. A learning-augmented online algorithm which incorporates predictions in a black-box manner…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-07-01 Hsiao-Yu Hu , Hao-Ting Wei , Meng-Hsi Li , Kai-Min Chung , Chung-Shou Liao

We show that certain ways of solving some combinatorial optimization problems can be understood as using query planes to divide the space of problem instances into polyhedra that could fit into those that characterize the problem's various…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Jian Yang

Besides training, mathematical optimization is also used in deep learning to model and solve formulations over trained neural networks for purposes such as verification, compression, and optimization with learned constraints. However,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-30 Jiatai Tong , Junyang Cai , Thiago Serra

Despite the extensive research efforts and the remarkable results obtained on Vehicle Routing Problems (VRP) by using algorithms proposed by the Machine Learning community that are partially or entirely based on data-driven analysis, most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-30 Luca Accorsi , Andrea Lodi , Daniele Vigo

Routing problems are optimization problems that consider a set of goals in a graph to be visited by a vehicle (or a fleet of them) in an optimal way, while numerous constraints have to be satisfied. We present a solution based on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-08-01 Miroslav Kulich , Roman Sushkov , Libor Přeučil

Combinatorial optimization plays an important role in real-world problem solving. In the big data era, the dimensionality of a combinatorial optimization problem is usually very large, which poses a significant challenge to existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-09 Yuan Sun , Andreas Ernst , Xiaodong Li , Jake Weiner

Solving NP-hard/complete combinatorial problems with neural networks is a challenging research area that aims to surpass classical approximate algorithms. The long-term objective is to outperform hand-designed heuristics for…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Dobrik Georgiev , Danilo Numeroso , Davide Bacciu , Pietro Liò

Transportation is an essential area in the nowadays society, both for business sector and citizenry. There are different kinds of transportation systems, each one with its own characteristics. In the same way, various areas of knowledge can…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-03-26 Eneko Osaba

Recent deep models for solving routing problems always assume a single distribution of nodes for training, which severely impairs their cross-distribution generalization ability. In this paper, we exploit group distributionally robust…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-16 Yuan Jiang , Yaoxin Wu , Zhiguang Cao , Jie Zhang