Related papers: On The Correct Thermo-dynamic Potential for Electr…
We consider stationary driven systems in contact with a thermal equilibrium bath. There is a constant (Joule) heat dissipated from the steady system to the environment as long as all parameters are unchanged. As a natural generalization…
The dynamics of an electric charge $e$ in presence of a fixed monopole pair $\pm g$ is considered. Depending on the ratio of the angular momentum to $e\,g/c$, the effective potential may consist a minimum valley between the poles or a…
We study the electroweak standard model at finite temperature in presence of a bosonic chemical potential associated with the conserved electromagnetic current. To preserve the thermodynamic equilibrium of the system, the thermal medium is…
While thermoelectric transport theory is well established and widely applied, there remains some degree of confusion on the proper thermodynamic definition of the Seebeck coefficient (or thermoelectric power) which is a measure of the…
An analytical model of high frequency oscillations of the kinetic and potential energies in a one-dimensional harmonic crystal with a substrate potential is obtained by introducing the nonlocal energies [1]. A generalization of the kinetic…
The exact wave functions, which describe the states of an electron, bound in the image potential, and the magnetic field, which is perpendicular to surface of a metal, are obtained. The correction terms to the energy of an electron in the…
We have developed a thorough and accurate method of determining anharmonic free energies, the temperature dependent effective potential technique (TDEP). It is based on \emph{ab initio} molecular dynamics followed by a mapping onto a model…
The evolution of static dielectric constants and polarization with doping are analyzed and discussed using established experimental results. The variation of screened Coulomb potential with doping is derived theoretically to justify the…
We establish three partial differential equation models describing the thermodynamics of the fluid, by combining the energetic variational approach, appropriate constitutive relations, and classical thermodynamics laws. What is more, by…
In this paper, we summarize the technique of using Green functions to solve electrostatic problems. We start by deriving the electric potential in terms of a Green function and a charge distribution. We then provide a variety of example…
Chemical reactions involve the movement of charges, and this work presents a mathematical model for describing chemical reactions in electrolytes. The model is developed using an energy variational method that aligns with classical…
Electrostatic actuators are simple but important switching devices for MEMS applications. Due to the difficulties associated with the electrostatic nonlinearity, precise mathematical description is often hard to obtain for the dynamics of…
The present work revisits the reduction of the nonlinear dynamics of an electromechanical system through a quasi-steady state hypothesis, discussing the fundamental aspects of this type of approach and clarifying some confusing points found…
The electric field dielectric polarization-based separations mechanism represents a novel method for separating solutions at small length scales. An electric field gradient with a maximum strength of $\mathrm{0.4~MV/m}$ applied across a…
Any interface boundary in an equilibrium system of Coulomb particles is accompanied by the existence of a finite difference in the average electrostatic potential through this boundary. The discussed interface potential drop is a…
We study the thermodynamics of electrode-electrolyte systems, for instance supercapacitors filled with an ionic liquid or blue-energy devices filled with river- or sea water. By a suitable mapping of thermodynamic variables, we identify a…
In this paper, we derive a number of inequalities which express power-efficiency trade-offs that hold generally for thermodynamic machines operating in non-equilibrium stationary states. One of these inequalities concerns the output power,…
The thermodynamic medium is treated as homogeneous phase equilibrium with a special feature: the pressure of one phase is positive and the pressure of the other is negative. From this point of view such medium is neither mixture, usual…
We investigate a solvable model for energy conserving non-equilibrium steady states. The time-reversal asymmetry of the dynamics leads to the violation of detailed balance and to ergodicity breaking, as manifested by the presence of…
In strongly interacting electron systems with low density and at low temperature the thermodynamic density of states is negative. It creates difficulties with understanding of the Einstein relation between conductivity and diffusion…