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Rayleigh's criterion for resolving two incoherent point sources has been the most influential measure of optical imaging resolution for over a century. In the context of statistical image processing, violation of the criterion is especially…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-07 Mankei Tsang , Ranjith Nair , Xiao-Ming Lu

Achieving the ultimate precisions for multiple parameters simultaneously is an outstanding challenge in quantum physics, because the optimal measurements for incompatible parameters cannot be performed jointly due to the Heisenberg…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-12 Binke Xia , Jingzheng Huang , Hongjing Li , Han Wang , Guihua Zeng

Nearly 30 years ago, two-photon interference was observed, marking the beginning of a new quantum era. Indeed, two-photon interference has no classical analogue, giving it a distinct advantage for a range of applications. The peculiarities…

The Rayleigh diffraction bound sets the minimum separation for two point objects to be distinguishable in a conventional imaging system. We demonstrate resolution enhancement beyond the Rayleigh bound using random scanning of a…

Scalability and miniaturization are hallmarks of solid-state platforms for photonic quantum technologies. Still a main challenge is two-photon interference from distinct emitters on chip. This requires local tuning, integration and novel…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-19 R. Duquennoy , M. Colautti , R. Emadi , P. Majumder , P. Lombardi , C. Toninelli

Two-photon quantum interference at a beam splitter, commonly known as Hong-Ou-Mandel interference, was recently demonstrated with \emph{microwave-frequency} photons by Lang \emph{et al.}\,\cite{lang:microwaveHOM}. This experiment employed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-15 M. J. Woolley , C. Lang , C. Eichler , A. Wallraff , A. Blais

High-precision measurements implemented by means of light is desired in all fields of science. However, light is a wave and Rayleigh criterion gives us a diffraction limitation in classical optics which restricts to get arbitrary high…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-01-26 Ruifeng Liu , Pei Zhang , Yu Zhou , Hong Gao , Fuli Li

Imaging systems measuring intensity in the far field succumb to Rayleigh's curse, a resolution limitation dictated by the finite aperture of the optical system. Many proof-of-principle and some two-dimensional imaging experiments have shown…

Guided-wave platforms such as fiber and silicon-on-insulator waveguide show great advances over traditional free space implementations in quantum information technology for significant advantages of low transmission loss, low cost,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-11 Zhi-Yuan Zhou , Yin-Hai Li , Zhao-Huai Xu , Shuang Wang , Li-Xin Xu , Bao-Sen Shi , Guang-Can Guo

Quantum emitters are a key resource in quantum technologies, microscopy, and other applications. The ability to rapidly detect them is useful both for quality control in engineered emitter arrays and for high-contrast imaging of naturally…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-27 Warwick P. Bowen

The interference between two independent photons stands as a crucial aspect of numerous quantum information protocols and technologies. In this work, we leverage fiber-coupled devices, which encompass fibered photon pair-sources and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-19 Mathis Cohen , Laurent Labonté , Romain Dalidet , Sébastien Tanzilli , Anthony Martin

Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometers are valuable tools in many Quantum Information and Quantum Optics applications that require photon indistinguishability. The theoretical limit for the Hong-Ou-Mandel visibility is 0.5 for indistinguishable…

Random scattering is usually viewed as a serious nuisance in optical imaging, and needs to be prevented in the conventional imaging scheme based on single-photon interference. Here we proposed a two-photon imaging scheme with the widely…

Optics · Physics 2018-09-25 Peilong Hong

When a photon interferes with itself while traversing a Mach-Zehnder inteferometer, the output port where it emerges is influenced by the phase difference between the interferometer arms. This allows for highly precise estimation of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-28 Hannah Scott , Dominic Branford , Niclas Westerberg , Jonathan Leach , Erik M. Gauger

Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference is an intrinsic quantum phenomena that goes beyond the possibilities of classical physics, and enables various applications in quantum metrology. While the timing resolution of HOM-based sensor is generally…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-08 Chaojie Wang , Yuning Zhang , Yuanyuan Chen , LixiangChen

The Rayleigh criterion is a widely known limit in the resolution of incoherent sources with classical measurements in the spatial domain. Unsurprisingly the estimation of the time delay between two weak incoherent signals is afflicted by an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-12 Salvatore Muratore , Vincenzo Tamma

Rayleigh's criterion states that it becomes essentially difficult to resolve two incoherent optical point sources separated by a distance below the width of point spread functions (PSF), namely in the subdiffraction limit. Recently,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-09 Sisi Zhou , Liang Jiang

Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometry takes advantage of the quantum nature of two-photon interference to increase the resolution of precision measurements of time-delays. Relying on few-photon probe states, this approach is applicable also in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-25 Nicolas Fabre , Simone Felicetti

Two-photon interference in a Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interferometer can be used as a quantum sensing mechanism due to the sensitivity of the interference dip to perturbations of the photon indistinguishability. In particular, recent works have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-23 Carolina Gonçalves , Tiago D. Ferreira , Catarina S. Monteiro , Nuno A. Silva

The simultaneous optimization of the centroid estimation and the separation estimation of two incoherent optical point sources is restricted by a tradeoff relation through an incompatibility coefficient. At the Rayleigh distance the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-28 Yingying Shi , Xiao-Ming Lu