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Causal or unconfounded descriptive comparisons between multiple groups are common in observational studies. Motivated from a racial disparity study in health services research, we propose a unified propensity score weighting framework, the…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-07-10 Fan Li , Fan Li

In this work, we consider the problem of predicting the course of a progressive disease, such as cancer or Alzheimer's. Progressive diseases often start with mild symptoms that might precede a diagnosis, and each patient follows their own…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-19 Yingying Zhu , Mert R. Sabuncu

Standard logistic regression analysis of case-control data has low power to detect gene-environment interactions, but until recently it was the only method that could be used on complex polygenic data for which parametric distributional…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-10-13 Tianying Wang , Alex Asher

Measurement error arises commonly in clinical research settings that rely on data from electronic health records or large observational cohorts. In particular, self-reported outcomes are typical in cohort studies for chronic diseases such…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-02-08 Lillian A. Boe , Lesley F. Tinker , Pamela A. Shaw

Prentice & Pyke (1979) established that the maximum likelihood estimate of an odds-ratio in a case-control study is the same as would be found by running a logistic regression: in other words, for this specific target the incorrect…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-03-25 Simon P. J. Byrne , A. Philip Dawid

As cancer patient survival improves, late effects from treatment are becoming the next clinical challenge. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy, for example, potentially increase the risk of both morbidity and mortality from second malignancies…

This paper extends my research applying statistical decision theory to treatment choice with sample data, using maximum regret to evaluate the performance of treatment rules. The specific new contribution is to study as-if optimization…

Econometrics · Economics 2021-10-05 Charles F. Manski

It is increasingly common to augment randomized controlled trial with external controls from observational data, to evaluate the treatment effect of an intervention. Traditional approaches to treatment effect estimation involve ambiguous…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-28 Bo Liu , Laine Thomas , Rury R. Holman , Fan Li

Epidemic control is of great importance for human society. Adjusting interacting partners is an effective individualized control strategy. Intuitively, it is done either by shortening the interaction time between susceptible and infected…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2016-12-28 Bin Wu , Shanjun Mao , Jiazeng Wang , Da Zhou

The Time Since Infection (TSI) models, which use disease surveillance data to model infectious diseases, have become increasingly popular due to their flexibility and capacity to address complex disease control questions. However, a notable…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-10 Jiasheng Shi , Yizhao Zhou , Jing Huang

In this paper, we address the issue of estimating and inferring distributional treatment effects in randomized experiments. The distributional treatment effect provides a more comprehensive understanding of treatment heterogeneity compared…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-01-15 Tatsushi Oka , Shota Yasui , Yuta Hayakawa , Undral Byambadalai

Most causal inference methods focus on estimating marginal average treatment effects, but many important causal estimands depend on the joint distribution of potential outcomes, including the probability of causation and proportions…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-16 Zach Shahn , David Madigan

In genetic studies of complex diseases, the underlying mode of inheritance is often not known. Thus, the most powerful test or other optimal procedure for one model, e.g. recessive, may be quite inefficient if another model, e.g. dominant,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Gang Zheng , Boris Freidlin , Joseph L. Gastwirth

Survival Analysis (SA) constitutes the default method for time-to-event modeling due to its ability to estimate event probabilities of sparsely occurring events over time. In this work, we show how to improve the training and inference of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Chris Solomou

A common practice in clinical trials is to evaluate a treatment effect on an intermediate endpoint when the true outcome of interest would be difficult or costly to measure. We consider how to validate intermediate endpoints in a…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-11-30 Emily K. Roberts , Michael R. Elliott , Jeremy M. G. Taylor

The inverse probability weighting approach is popular for evaluating treatment effects in observational studies, but extreme propensity scores could bias the estimator and induce excessive variance. Recently, the overlap weighting approach…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-06-22 Chao Cheng , Fan Li , Laine Thomas , Fan Li

Understanding variable dependence, particularly eliciting their statistical properties given a set of covariates, provides the mathematical foundation in practical operations management such as risk analysis and decision-making given…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-09-06 Yunyun Wang , Tatsushi Oka , Dan Zhu

We develop a method for hybrid analyses that uses external controls to augment internal control arms in randomized controlled trials (RCT) where the degree of borrowing is determined based on similarity between RCT and external control…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-05-11 Evan Kwiatkowski , Jiawen Zhu , Xiao Li , Herbert Pang , Grazyna Lieberman , Matthew A. Psioda

Many studies employ the analysis of time-to-event data that incorporates competing risks and right censoring. Most methods and software packages are geared towards analyzing data that comes from a continuous failure time distribution.…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-06 Tomer Meir , Malka Gorfine

In recent years, numerous advances have been made in understanding how epidemic dynamics is affected by changes in individual behaviours. We propose an SIS-based compartmental model to tackle the simultaneous and coupled evolution of an…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-11-04 Giulia de Meijere , Hugo Martin