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The ratio between two probability density functions is an important component of various tasks, including selection bias correction, novelty detection and classification. Recently, several estimators of this ratio have been proposed. Most…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-04-30 Rafael Izbicki , Ann B. Lee , Chad M. Schafer

Conventional approaches to cosmology inference from galaxy redshift surveys are based on n-point functions, which are under rigorous perturbative control on sufficiently large scales. Here, we present an alternative approach, which employs…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-01-23 Fabian Schmidt , Franz Elsner , Jens Jasche , Nhat Minh Nguyen , Guilhem Lavaux

We investigate how well future large-scale radio surveys could measure different shapes of primordial non-Gaussianity; in particular we focus on angle-dependent non-Gaussianity arising from primordial anisotropic sources, whose bispectrum…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-07-22 Alvise Raccanelli , Maresuke Shiraishi , Nicola Bartolo , Daniele Bertacca , Michele Liguori , Sabino Matarrese , Ray P. Norris , David Parkinson

We investigate how the consistency relations of large-scale structures are modified when the initial density field is not Gaussian. We consider both scenarios where the primordial density field can be written as a nonlinear functional of a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-01-22 Patrick Valageas , Atsushi Taruya , Takahiro Nishimichi

We present exact non-Gaussian joint likelihoods for auto- and cross-correlation functions on arbitrarily masked spherical Gaussian random fields. Our considerations apply to spin-0 as well as spin-2 fields but are demonstrated here for the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-11 Veronika Oehl , Tilman Tröster

Gaussian graphical model is one of the powerful tools to analyze conditional independence between two variables for multivariate Gaussian-distributed observations. When the dimension of data is moderate or high, penalized likelihood methods…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-24 Takahiro Onizuka , Shintaro Hashimoto

We present a Bayesian reconstruction algorithm to generate unbiased samples of the underlying dark matter field from halo catalogues. Our new contribution consists of implementing a non-Poisson likelihood including a deterministic…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Metin Ata , Francisco-Shu Kitaura , Volker Müller

Uncovering genuine relationships between a response variable of interest and a large collection of covariates is a fundamental and practically important problem. In the context of Gaussian linear models, both the Bayesian and non-Bayesian…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-04-11 Jeyong Lee , Minwoo Chae , Ryan Martin

This work presents a formalism for deriving likelihoods of the cosmological density field directly from first principles within Perturbation Theory (PT). By assuming a perturbative expansion around the Gaussian initial density field and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-30 Rodrigo Voivodic

Recent studies have demonstrated that {\em secondary} non-Gaussianity induced by gravity will be detected with a high signal-to-noise (S/N) by future and even by on-going weak lensing surveys. One way to characterise such non-Gaussianity is…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-05-05 D. Munshi , T. Namikawa , T. D. Kitching , J. D. McEwen , R. Takahashi , F. R. Bouchet , A. Taruya , B. Bose

We consider the problem of parametric statistical inference when likelihood computations are prohibitively expensive but sampling from the model is possible. Several so-called likelihood-free methods have been developed to perform inference…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-09-14 Owen Thomas , Ritabrata Dutta , Jukka Corander , Samuel Kaski , Michael U. Gutmann

Traditional meta-analysis assumes that the effect sizes estimated in individual studies follow a Gaussian distribution. However, this distributional assumption is not always satisfied in practice, leading to potentially biased results. In…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-04-23 Wei Liang , Haicheng Huang , Hongsheng Dai , Yinghui Wei

Nowadays in density estimation, posterior rates of convergence for location and location-scale mixtures of Gaussians are only known under light-tail assumptions; with better rates achieved by location mixtures. It is conjectured, but not…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-08-24 Zacharie Naulet , Judith Rousseau

The pseudo-marginal algorithm is a variant of the Metropolis--Hastings algorithm which samples asymptotically from a probability distribution when it is only possible to estimate unbiasedly an unnormalized version of its density.…

Computation · Statistics 2019-12-04 Sebastian M. Schmon , George Deligiannidis , Arnaud Doucet , Michael K. Pitt

This paper presents a new approach to a robust Gaussian process (GP) regression. Most existing approaches replace an outlier-prone Gaussian likelihood with a non-Gaussian likelihood induced from a heavy tail distribution, such as the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-15 Chiwoo Park , David J. Borth , Nicholas S. Wilson , Chad N. Hunter , Fritz J. Friedersdorf

A composite likelihood is a non-genuine likelihood function that allows to make inference on limited aspects of a model, such as marginal or conditional distributions. Composite likelihoods are not proper likelihoods and need therefore…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-04-06 Michele Lambardi di San Miniato , Nicola Sartori

The Whittle likelihood is widely used for Bayesian nonparametric estimation of the spectral density of stationary time series. However, the loss of efficiency for non-Gaussian time series can be substantial. On the other hand, parametric…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-01-19 Claudia Kirch , Matthew C. Edwards , Alexander Meier , Renate Meyer

Although continuous density estimation has received abundant attention in the Bayesian nonparametrics literature, there is limited theory on multivariate mixed scale density estimation. In this note, we consider a general framework to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-05-26 Antonio Canale , David B. Dunson

The DerSimonian-Laird (DL) weighted average method has been widely used for estimation of a pooled effect size from an aggregated data meta-analysis study. It is mainly criticized for its underestimation of the standard error of the pooled…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-04-09 Osama Almalik , Edwin R. van den Heuvel

Primordial, non-Gaussian perturbations can generate scale-dependent bias in the galaxy distribution. This in turn will modify correlations between galaxy positions and peculiar velocities at late times, since peculiar velocities reflect the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Yin-Zhe Ma , James E. Taylor , Douglas Scott