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Autonomous mechanisms have been proposed to regulate certain aspects of society and are already being used to regulate business organisations. We take seriously recent proposals for algorithmic regulation of society, and we identify the…
The explosion in the performance of Machine Learning (ML) and the potential of its applications are strongly encouraging us to consider its use in industrial systems, including for critical functions such as decision-making in autonomous…
We assert that it is the ethical duty of software engineers to strive to reduce software discrimination. This paper discusses how that might be done. This is an important topic since machine learning software is increasingly being used to…
Human-computer interaction (HCI) has been a widely researched area for many years, with continuous advancements in technology leading to the development of new techniques that change the way we interact with computers. With the recent…
The right to contest a decision with consequences on individuals or the society is a well-established democratic right. Despite this right also being explicitly included in GDPR in reference to automated decision-making, its study seems to…
We discuss issues of Artificial Intelligence (AI) fairness for people with disabilities, with examples drawn from our research on human-computer interaction (HCI) for AI-based systems for people who are Deaf or Hard of Hearing (DHH). In…
In this paper, we investigate the implications of the General Data Privacy Regulation (GDPR) on the design of an IoT healthcare system. On 25th May 2018, the GDPR has become mandatory within the European Union and hence also for all…
As artificial intelligence continues its unprecedented global expansion, accompanied by a proliferation of benefits, an increasing apprehension about the privacy and security implications of AI-enabled systems emerges. The pivotal question…
The current advancement in and deployment of agentic AI systems has created a set of key challenges for the legal frameworks that govern their use. We cover two central components: first, the regulatory classification of agents under the EU…
Artificial intelligence (AI) has a huge impact on our personal lives and also on our democratic society as a whole. While AI offers vast opportunities for the benefit of people, its potential to embed and perpetuate bias and discrimination…
We humans are biased - and our robotic creations are biased, too. Bias is a natural phenomenon that drives our perceptions and behavior, including when it comes to socially expressive robots that have humanlike features. Recognizing that we…
The rapid advancement of general-purpose AI models has increased concerns about copyright infringement in training data, yet current regulatory frameworks remain predominantly reactive rather than proactive. This paper examines the…
Various forms of implications of artificial intelligence that either exacerbate or decrease racial systemic injustice have been explored in this applied research endeavor. Taking each thematic area of identifying, analyzing, and debating an…
This article examines the evolving landscape of artificial intelligence (AI) regulation in financial services, detailing the legal frameworks and compliance challenges posed by rapid technological adoption. By reviewing current legislation,…
Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) is a diverse field bringing together theories and methods from fields such as computer science, psychology, and human factors. Historically, HCI has focused on the human through ``user'' or ``human''…
This paper critically evaluates the European Commission's proposed AI Act's approach to risk management and risk acceptability for high-risk AI systems that pose risks to fundamental rights and safety. The Act aims to promote "trustworthy"…
As algorithms increasingly take on critical roles in high-stakes areas such as credit scoring, housing, and employment, civil enforcement actions have emerged as a powerful tool for countering potential discrimination. These legal actions…
Artificial intelligence (AI) has a huge impact on our personal lives and also on our democratic society as a whole. While AI offers vast opportunities for the benefit of people, its potential to embed and perpetuate bias and discrimination…
Regulations govern many aspects of citizens' daily lives. Governments and businesses routinely automate these in the form of coded rules (e.g., to check a citizen's eligibility for specific benefits). However, the path to automation is long…
Whether and how to regulate AI is now a central question of governance. Across academic, policy, and international legal circles, the European Union is widely treated as the normative leader in this space. Its regulatory framework, anchored…