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This paper presents BERT-CTC, a novel formulation of end-to-end speech recognition that adapts BERT for connectionist temporal classification (CTC). Our formulation relaxes the conditional independence assumptions used in conventional CTC…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-21 Yosuke Higuchi , Brian Yan , Siddhant Arora , Tetsuji Ogawa , Tetsunori Kobayashi , Shinji Watanabe

In recent years, the evolution of end-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR) models has been remarkable, largely due to advances in deep learning architectures like transformer. On top of E2E systems, researchers have achieved…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-12 Shiyi Han , Zhihong Lei , Mingbin Xu , Xingyu Na , Zhen Huang

This report proposes state-of-the-art research in the field of Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL). Mispronunciation detection is one of the core components of Computer Assisted Pronunciation Training (CAPT) systems which is a subset…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-01-26 Neha Baranwal , Sharatkumar Chilaka

Recent advances in deep learning show that end-to-end speech to text translation model is a promising approach to direct the speech translation field. In this work, we provide an overview of different end-to-end architectures, as well as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-21 Parnia Bahar , Tobias Bieschke , Hermann Ney

In the recent literature, "end-to-end" speech systems often refer to letter-based acoustic models trained in a sequence-to-sequence manner, either via a recurrent model or via a structured output learning approach (such as CTC). In contrast…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Vitaliy Liptchinsky , Gabriel Synnaeve , Ronan Collobert

Topic classification systems on spoken documents usually consist of two modules: an automatic speech recognition (ASR) module to convert speech into text and a text topic classification (TTC) module to predict the topic class from the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Tan Liu , Wu Guo , Bin Gu

Conventionally, the manner of articulations in speech signal are derived using discriminative signal processing techniques or deep learning approaches. However, training such complex systems involves feature extraction, phoneme force…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-11-06 Pradeep R , Sreenivasa Rao K

Long Short Term Memory Connectionist Temporal Classification (LSTM-CTC) based end-to-end models are widely used in speech recognition due to its simplicity in training and efficiency in decoding. In conventional LSTM-CTC based models, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-14 Yangyang Shi , Mei-Yuh Hwang , Xin Lei

End-To-End speech recognition have become increasingly popular in mandarin speech recognition and achieved delightful performance. Mandarin is a tonal language which is different from English and requires special treatment for the acoustic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-15 Wei Zou , Dongwei Jiang , Shuaijiang Zhao , Xiangang Li

The gap between speech and text modalities is a major challenge in speech-to-text translation (ST). Different methods have been proposed to reduce this gap, but most of them require architectural changes in ST training. In this work, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Phuong-Hang Le , Hongyu Gong , Changhan Wang , Juan Pino , Benjamin Lecouteux , Didier Schwab

Speech recognition in mixed language has difficulties to adapt end-to-end framework due to the lack of data and overlapping phone sets, for example in words such as "one" in English and "w\`an" in Chinese. We propose a CTC-based end-to-end…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-31 Genta Indra Winata , Andrea Madotto , Chien-Sheng Wu , Pascale Fung

The success of self-attention in NLP has led to recent applications in end-to-end encoder-decoder architectures for speech recognition. Separately, connectionist temporal classification (CTC) has matured as an alignment-free,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-07-02 Julian Salazar , Katrin Kirchhoff , Zhiheng Huang

Temporal connectionist temporal classification (CTC)-based automatic speech recognition (ASR) is one of the most successful end to end (E2E) ASR frameworks. However, due to the token independence assumption in decoding, an external language…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-26 Xugang Lu , Peng Shen , Yu Tsao , Hisashi Kawai

Phonetic speech transcription is crucial for fine-grained linguistic analysis and downstream speech applications. While Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) is a widely used approach for such tasks due to its efficiency, it often…

Recently, the advance in deep learning has brought a considerable improvement in the end-to-end speech recognition field, simplifying the traditional pipeline while producing promising results. Among the end-to-end models, the connectionist…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-29 Ji Won Yoon , Beom Jun Woo , Sunghwan Ahn , Hyeonseung Lee , Nam Soo Kim

End-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems directly map acoustics to words using a unified model. Previous works mostly focus on E2E training a single model which integrates acoustic and language model into a whole.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-03-06 Zhehuai Chen , Qi Liu , Hao Li , Kai Yu

Previous studies demonstrated that a dynamic phone-informed compression of the input audio is beneficial for speech translation (ST). However, they required a dedicated model for phone recognition and did not test this solution for direct…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-15 Marco Gaido , Mauro Cettolo , Matteo Negri , Marco Turchi

Transcription or sub-titling of open-domain videos is still a challenging domain for Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) due to the data's challenging acoustics, variable signal processing and the essentially unrestricted domain of the data.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-04-27 Shruti Palaskar , Ramon Sanabria , Florian Metze

In this work, we investigate two popular end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) models, namely Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) and RNN-Transducer (RNN-T), for offline recognition of voice search queries, with up to 2B…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-25 Weiran Wang , Rohit Prabhavalkar , Dongseong Hwang , Qiujia Li , Khe Chai Sim , Bo Li , James Qin , Xingyu Cai , Adam Stooke , Zhong Meng , CJ Zheng , Yanzhang He , Tara Sainath , Pedro Moreno Mengibar

Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) is a widely used method for automatic speech recognition (ASR), renowned for its simplicity and computational efficiency. However, it often falls short in recognition performance. In this work, we…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-17 Zengwei Yao , Wei Kang , Xiaoyu Yang , Fangjun Kuang , Liyong Guo , Han Zhu , Zengrui Jin , Zhaoqing Li , Long Lin , Daniel Povey