Related papers: Particle cooling in Vaporizing Coolant
Everybody knows that when a liquid is heated, its temperature increases until the moment when it starts to boil. The increase in temperature then stops, all heat being used to transform the liquid into vapor. What is the microscopic origin…
An ongoing problem in the study of a classical many-body system is the characterization of its equilibrium behaviour by theory or numerical simulation. For purely repulsive particles, locating the melting line in the pressure-temperature…
A novel type of particle "cooling", called Ionization Cooling, is applicable to slow (v of the order of 0.1c) ions stored in a small ring. The many traversals through a thin foil enhance the nuclear reaction probability, in a steady…
We present an investigation on effect of the ion-neutral (or ambipolar) diffusion heating rate on thermal phases of a molecular cloud. We use the modeling of ambipolar diffusion with two-fluid smoothed particle hydrodynamics, as discussed…
A method of slowing, accelerating, cooling, and bunching molecules and neutral atoms using time-varying electric field gradients is demonstrated with cesium atoms in a fountain. The effects are measured and found to be in agreement with…
The liquid-vapour phase transition near a weakly attractive surface is studied by simulations of the coexistence curves of water in hydrophobic pores. There is a pronounced gradual density depletion of the liquid phase near the surface…
It is known that a finite-size homogeneous granular fluid develops an hydrodynamic-like instability when dissipation crosses a threshold value. This instability is analyzed in terms of modified hydrodynamic equations: first, a source term…
In many clusters of galaxies there is evidence for cooling flow in the central regions. A possibility is that a fraction of the gas forms cold molecular clouds. We investigate the minimum temperature which can be reached by clouds in…
A dryout point is recognized as the position where the phase transition from liquid to vapor occurs. In the one-dimensional case, by solving the stationary incompressible Navier-Stokes-Fourier equations with phase transition, we derive a…
We demonstrate cavity cooling of all motional degrees of freedom of an atomic ensemble using light that is far detuned from the atomic transitions by several gigahertz. The cooling is achieved by cavity-induced frequency-dependent…
Taming quantum dynamical processes is the key to novel applications of quantum physics, e.g. in quantum information science. The control of light-matter interactions at the single-atom and single-photon level can be achieved in cavity…
In this short note, we present some work on investigating electron temperatures and potentials in steady or unsteady dilute plasma flows. The analysis is based on the detailed fluid model for electrons. Ionization, normalized electron…
Molecular dynamics simulations are used to study the behavior of closely-fitting spherical and ellipsoidal particles moving through a fluid-filled cylinder at nanometer scales. The particle, the cylinder wall and the fluid solvent are all…
During the Leidenfrost effect, a stable vapor film can separate a hot solid from an evaporating liquid. Eventually, after formation and upon cooling, the vapor layer cannot be sustained and undergoes a violent collapse evidenced by…
Liquid-vapor flows with phase transitions have a wide range of applications. Isothermal two-phase flows described by a single set of isothermal Euler equations, where the mass transfer is modeled by a kinetic relation, have been…
The cryopreservation of biological materials is a highly complex process, as it involves numerous factors such as the cooling and thawing procedures, the administration of cryoprotective agents (CPAs), as well as the type and composition of…
Additive manufacturing and welding processes are highly sensitive to heat dissipation, where improper thermal management leads to residual stresses, distortions, and cracking. Existing heat transfer models, such as Rosenthal's solutions,…
The semiclassical theory of laser cooling is applied for the analysis of cooling of unbound atoms with the values of the ground and exited state angular moments 1/2 in a one-dimensional nondissipative optical lattice. We show that in the…
A model for diffusion-controlled spherical particle growth is presented and solved numerically, showing how, on cooling at sufficient rate from a given fraction solid, growth velocity first increases, and then decreases rapidly when solute…
Cryogenic fluids have extensive applications as fuel for launch vehicles in space applications and research. The physics of cryogenic flows are highly complex due to the sensitive nature of phase transformation from liquid to bubbly liquid…