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We present an interface and an implementation of the General Matrix Multiply (GEMM) routine for multiple small matrices processed simultaneously on NVIDIA graphics processing units (GPUs). We focus on matrix sizes under 16. The…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2013-04-29 Chetan Jhurani , Paul Mullowney

Hardware accelerators (such as Nvidia's CUDA GPUs) have tremendous promise for computational science, because they can deliver large gains in performance at relatively low cost. In this work, we focus on the use of Nvidia's Tesla GPU for…

Computational Physics · Physics 2010-06-04 Rakesh Ginjupalli , Gaurav Khanna

Many recent GPUs feature matrix multiplication engines (aka Tensor Core Units or TCUs) that perform small fixed-size matrix-matrix products at very high throughput. They have been used very effectively to speed up dense matrix-matrix…

Performance · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Lizhi Xiang , Omid Asudeh , Gerald Sabin , Aravind Sukumaran-Rajam , P. Sadayappan

Tensor computations, with matrix multiplication being the primary operation, serve as the fundamental basis for data analysis, physics, machine learning, and deep learning. As the scale and complexity of data continue to grow rapidly, the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Qizhe Wu , Yuchen Gui , Zhichen Zeng , Xiaotian Wang , Huawen Liang , Xi Jin

We present novel algorithmic solutions together with implementation details utilizing non-Abelian symmetries in order to boost the current limits of tensor network state algorithms on high performance computing infrastructure. In our…

Computational Physics · Physics 2023-10-02 Andor Menczer , Örs Legeza

AI models are increasing in size and recent advancement in the community has shown that unlike HPC applications where double precision datatype are required, lower-precision datatypes such as fp8 or int4 are sufficient to bring the same…

Performance · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Saeed Maleki

Large-scale deep learning benefits from an emerging class of AI accelerators. Some of these accelerators' designs are general enough for compute-intensive applications beyond AI and Cloud TPU is one such example. In this paper, we…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Kun Yang , Yi-Fan Chen , Georgios Roumpos , Chris Colby , John Anderson

High-performance sparse matrix-matrix (SpMM) multiplication is paramount for science and industry, as the ever-increasing sizes of data prohibit using dense data structures. Yet, existing hardware, such as Tensor Cores (TC), is ill-suited…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Patrik Okanovic , Grzegorz Kwasniewski , Paolo Sylos Labini , Maciej Besta , Flavio Vella , Torsten Hoefler

Domain-specific, fixed-function units are becoming increasingly common in modern processors. As the computational demands of applications evolve, the capabilities and programming interfaces of these fixed-function units continue to change.…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Rohan Yadav , Michael Garland , Alex Aiken , Michael Bauer

Modern computer architectures support low-precision arithmetic, which present opportunities for the adoption of mixed-precision algorithms to achieve high computational throughput and reduce energy consumption. As a growing number of…

Computation · Statistics 2024-12-02 Sahil Bhola , Karthik Duraisamy

Largely due to their increased native capacity for numerical intensity and power efficiency, reduced-precision floating-point computing resources, primarily used in artificial intelligence (AI) applications, have expanded at a greater rate…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Harun Bayraktar , Cole Brower , John Gunnels , Greg Henry , Cherin Joseph , Jack Kosaian , Dmitry Lyakh , Lukas Mosimann , Victor Podlozhnyuk , Addison Richards , Paul Springer , Haicheng Wu

Although code generation for Convolution Neural Network (CNN) models has been extensively studied, performing efficient data slicing and parallelization for highly-constrai\-ned Multicore Neural Processor Units (NPUs) is still a challenging…

Performance · Computer Science 2023-04-07 Rafael Sousa , Marcio Pereira , Yongin Kwon , Taeho Kim , Namsoon Jung , Chang Soo Kim , Michael Frank , Guido Araujo

General matrix-matrix multiplication (GEMM) is a cornerstone of AI computations, making tensor processing engines (TPEs) increasingly critical in GPUs and domain-specific architectures. Existing architectures primarily optimize dataflow or…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Qizhe Wu , Huawen Liang , Yuchen Gui , Zhichen Zeng , Zerong He , Linfeng Tao , Xiaotian Wang , Letian Zhao , Zhaoxi Zeng , Wei Yuan , Wei Wu , Xi Jin

Sparse general matrix-matrix multiplication (spGEMM) is an essential component in many scientific and data analytics applications. However, the sparsity pattern of the input matrices and the interaction of their patterns make spGEMM…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2020-10-01 Orestis Zachariadis , Nitin Satpute , Juan Gómez-Luna , Joaquín Olivares

Real-world node embedding applications often contain hundreds of billions of edges with high-dimension node features. Scaling node embedding systems to efficiently support these applications remains a challenging problem. In this paper we…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-08-19 Wanjing Wei , Yangzihao Wang , Pin Gao , Shijie Sun , Donghai Yu

Matrix-multiply-accumulate (MMA) units, or tensor cores, are now widespread across modern computing architectures. Yet, their use for particle-grid operators remains limited. In implicit particle methods, mass-matrix assembly is a…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Luca Pennati , Stefano Markidis

High-performance GPU-accelerated particle filter methods are critical for object detection applications, ranging from autonomous driving, robot localization, to time-series prediction. In this work, we investigate the design, development…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Gabin Schieffer , Nattawat Pornthisan , Daniel Araújo de Medeiros , Stefano Markidis , Jacob Wahlgren , Ivy Peng

Tensor computation has emerged as a powerful mathematical tool for solving high-dimensional and/or extreme-scale problems in science and engineering. The last decade has witnessed tremendous advancement of tensor computation and its…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-07-05 Kaiqi Zhang , Xiyuan Zhang , Zheng Zhang

Numerical features of matrix multiplier hardware units in NVIDIA and AMD data centre GPUs have recently been studied. Features such as rounding, normalisation, and internal precision of the accumulators are of interest. In this paper, we…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Faizan A Khattak , Mantas Mikaitis

Modern datacenters increasingly rely on low-power, single-slot inference accelerators to balance performance, energy efficiency, and rack density constraints. The NVIDIA T4 GPU has become widely deployed due to strong performance per watt…

Performance · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Kathiravan Palaniappan