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Related papers: The Electric Two-echelon Vehicle Routing Problem

200 papers

This paper investigates the scheduling problem of a fleet of electric vehicles, providing mobility as a service to a set of time-specified customers, where the operator needs to solve the routing and charging problem jointly for each EV.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-05-27 Canqi Yao , Shibo Chen , Mauro Salazar , Zaiyue Yang

With recent developments in vehicle and battery technologies, electric vehicles (EVs) are rapidly getting established as a sustainable alternative to traditional fossil-fuel vehicles. This has made the large-scale electrification of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-27 Linji Chen , Homayoun Hamedmoghadam , Mahdi Jalili , Mohsen Ramezani

Electric trucks are increasingly deployed to reduce the trucking sector's carbon footprint, but their limited range and charging needs create operational challenges on mid- to long-haul routes. Truck platooning can mitigate range anxiety…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-18 Yilang Hao , Zhibin Chen

Electric vehicles (EVs) require substantially longer refueling times than gasoline vehicles, which can generate severe congestion at charging stations when demand concentrates. We propose a two-stage allocation framework for EV charging…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-03-18 Ruiwu Liu , Yangjian Zhu

Advantages of electric vehicles (EV) include reduction of greenhouse gas and other emissions, energy security, and fuel economy. The societal benefits of large-scale adoption of EVs cannot be realized without adequate deployment of publicly…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-01-25 Sina Faridimehr , Saravanan Venkatachalam , Ratna Babu Chinnam

Electric road systems (ERS) are roads that allow compatible vehicles to be powered by grid electricity while in transit, reducing the need for stopping to recharge electric batteries. We investigate how this technology can affect routing…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-09-26 Alejandro Gutierrez-Alcoba , Roberto Rossi , Belen Martin-Barragan , Tim Embley

As electric vehicle (EV) adoption is growing year after year, there is no doubt that EVs will occupy a significant portion of transporting vehicle in the near future. Although EVs have benefits for environment, large amount of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-11-09 Yingqi Xiong , Behnam Khaki , Chi-cheng Chu , Rajit Gadh

The problem of finding an electric vehicle route that optimizes both driving time and energy consumption can be modeled as a bicriterion path problem. Unfortunately, the problem of finding optimal bicriterion paths is NP-complete. This…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-09-11 Michael T. Goodrich , Paweł Pszona

Battery electric freight trains are crucial for decarbonization by providing zero-emission transportation alternatives. The proper adoption of battery electric freight trains depends on an efficient battery electrification strategy,…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Jia Guo , Elnaz Irannezhad

The electric vehicle routing problem (EVRP) has garnered great interest from researchers and industrialists in an attempt to move from fuel-based vehicles to healthier and more efficient electric vehicles (EVs). While it seems that the EVRP…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-08-29 Kousik Rajesh , Eklavya Jain , Prakash Kotecha

With the rising popularity of electric vehicles (EVs), modern service systems, such as ride-hailing delivery services, are increasingly integrating EVs into their operations. Unlike conventional vehicles, EVs often have a shorter driving…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Jinchun Du , Bojie Shen , Muhammad Aamir Cheema , Adel N. Toosi

Electric vehicles (EVs) are an eco-friendly alternative to vehicles with internal combustion engines. Despite their environmental benefits, the massive electricity demand imposed by the anticipated proliferation of EVs could jeopardize the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-11-18 Nanduni I. Nimalsiri , Chathurika P. Mediwaththe , Elizabeth L. Ratnam , Marnie Shaw , David B. Smith , Saman K. Halgamuge

The two-echelon inventory-routing problem (2E-IRP) addresses the coordination of inventory management and freight transportation throughout a two-echelon supply network. The latter consists of geographically widespread customers whose…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-06-29 Sara Charaf , Duygu Taş , Simme Douwe Flapper , Tom van Woensel

Within a decade, almost every major auto company, along with fleet operators such as Uber, have announced plans to put autonomous vehicles on the road. At the same time, electric vehicles are quickly emerging as a next-generation technology…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-12-13 Lina Al-Kanj , Juliana Nascimento , Warren B. Powell

Permutation-based metaheuristics are widely used for electric vehicle routing, where candidate solutions are represented as ordered sequences of customers. Such sequences, however, do not directly define feasible vehicle routes: they must…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Leon Stjepan Uroić , Marko Đurasević

Replacing a fossil fuel-powered car with an electric model can halve greenhouse gas emissions over the course of the vehicle's lifetime and reduce the noise pollution in urban areas. In green logistics, a well-scheduled charging ensures an…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Luyang Hou , Chun Wang , Jun Yan

Logistics has gained great attentions with the prosperous development of commerce, which is often seen as the classic optimal vehicle routing problem. Meanwhile, electric vehicle (EV) has been widely used in logistic fleet to curb the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-09-14 Canqi Yao , Shibo Chen , Zaiyue Yang

The rise of battery-powered vehicles has led to many new technical and methodological hurdles. Among these, the efficient planning of an electric fleet to fulfill passenger transportation requests still represents a major challenge. This is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-02-07 Axel Parmentier , Rafael Martinelli , Thibaut Vidal

We study the problem of routing vehicles with energy constraints through a network where there are at least some charging nodes. We seek to minimize the total elapsed time for vehicles to reach their destinations by determining routes as…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-01-28 Tao Wang , Christos G. Cassandras , Sepideh Pourazarm

In this paper, we propose a closed queueing network model for performance analysis of electric vehicle sharing systems with a certain number of chargers in each neighborhood. Depending on the demand distribution, we devise algorithms to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-15 Yuntian Deng , Abhishek Gupta , Ness B. Shroff