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This paper presents a novel approach to modeling human driving behavior, designed for use in evaluating autonomous vehicle control systems in a simulation environments. Our methodology leverages a hierarchical forward-looking, risk-aware…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Nathan Ludlow , Yiwei Lyu , John Dolan

Autonomous Driving (AD) encounters significant safety hurdles in long-tail unforeseen driving scenarios, largely stemming from the non-interpretability and poor generalization of the deep neural networks within the AD system, particularly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Yixuan Wang , Ruochen Jiao , Sinong Simon Zhan , Chengtian Lang , Chao Huang , Zhaoran Wang , Zhuoran Yang , Qi Zhu

Reinforcement learning (RL) requires skillful definition and remarkable computational efforts to solve optimization and control problems, which could impair its prospect. Introducing human guidance into reinforcement learning is a promising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Jingda Wu , Zhiyu Huang , Wenhui Huang , Chen Lv

A novel learning Model Predictive Control technique is applied to the autonomous racing problem. The goal of the controller is to minimize the time to complete a lap. The proposed control strategy uses the data from previous laps to improve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-10 Ugo Rosolia , Ashwin Carvalho , Francesco Borrelli

While automated driving technology has achieved a tremendous progress, the scalable and rigorous testing and verification of safe automated and autonomous driving vehicles remain challenging. This paper proposes a learning-based…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-01-27 Andrea Favrin , Vladislav Nenchev , Angelo Cenedese

Self-driving vehicles must be able to act intelligently in diverse and difficult environments, marked by high-dimensional state spaces, a myriad of optimization objectives and complex behaviors. Traditionally, classical optimization and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-11 Josiah Coad , Zhiqian Qiao , John M. Dolan

In future mixed traffic Highly Automated Vehicles (HAV) will have to resolve interactions with human operated traffic. A particular problem for HAVs is detection of human states influencing safety critical decisions and driving behavior of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-02-14 Werner Damm , Martin Fränzle , Andreas Lüdtke , Jochem W. Rieger , Alexander Trende , Anirudh Unni

Robots need robust and flexible vision systems to perceive and reason about their environments beyond geometry. Most of such systems build upon deep learning approaches. As autonomous robots are commonly deployed in initially unknown…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Julius Rückin , Federico Magistri , Cyrill Stachniss , Marija Popović

Active learning is a decision-making process. In both abstract and physical settings, active learning demands both analysis and action. This is a review of active learning in robotics, focusing on methods amenable to the demands of embodied…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-06-28 Annalisa T. Taylor , Thomas A. Berrueta , Todd D. Murphey

There has been significant progress in sensing, perception, and localization for automated driving, However, due to the wide spectrum of traffic/road structure scenarios and the long tail distribution of human driver behavior, it has…

With recent advances in learning algorithms and hardware development, autonomous cars have shown promise when operating in structured environments under good driving conditions. However, for complex, cluttered and unseen environments with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-11-29 Junyao Guo , Unmesh Kurup , Mohak Shah

The technological and scientific challenges involved in the development of autonomous vehicles (AVs) are currently of primary interest for many automobile companies and research labs. However, human-controlled vehicles are likely to remain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-22 Ran Emuna , Avinoam Borowsky , Armin Biess

Trajectory prediction is crucial to advance autonomous driving, improving safety, and efficiency. Although end-to-end models based on deep learning have great potential, they often do not consider vehicle dynamic limitations, leading to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Alexander Fertig , Lakshman Balasubramanian , Michael Botsch

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) must share space with pedestrians, both in carriageway cases such as cars at pedestrian crossings and off-carriageway cases such as delivery vehicles navigating through crowds on pedestrianized high-streets. Unlike…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-12 Fanta Camara , Nicola Bellotto , Serhan Cosar , Dimitris Nathanael , Matthias Althoff , Jingyuan Wu , Johannes Ruenz , André Dietrich , Charles W. Fox

In contemporary autonomous driving testing, virtual simulation has become an important approach due to its efficiency and cost effectiveness. However, existing methods usually rely on reinforcement learning to generate risky scenarios,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Chen Xiong , Cheng Wang , Yuhang Liu , Zirui Wu , Ye Tian

Implementing an autonomous vehicle that is able to output feasible, smooth and efficient trajectories is a long-standing challenge. Several approaches have been considered, roughly falling under two categories: rule-based and learning-based…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Branka Mirchevska , Moritz Werling , Joschka Boedecker

This paper presents a novel approach for learning self-awareness models for autonomous vehicles. The proposed technique is based on the availability of synchronized multi-sensor dynamic data related to different maneuvering tasks performed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-06-08 Mahdyar Ravanbakhsh , Mohamad Baydoun , Damian Campo , Pablo Marin , David Martin , Lucio Marcenaro , Carlo S. Regazzoni

There are two main algorithmic approaches to autonomous driving systems: (1) An end-to-end system in which a single deep neural network learns to map sensory input directly into appropriate warning and driving responses. (2) A mediated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Kyongsik Yun , Thomas Lu , Alexander Huyen , Patrick Hammer , Pei Wang

This paper proposes an extensive overview of safety applications and approaches as it relates to automated driving from the prospectives of sensor configurations, vehicle dynamics modelling, tyre modeling, and estimation approaches. First,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-21 Hazem Fahmy , Sabita Mahrajan

Accurate identification of important objects in the scene is a prerequisite for safe and high-quality decision making and motion planning of intelligent agents (e.g., autonomous vehicles) that navigate in complex and dynamic environments.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Jiachen Li , Haiming Gang , Hengbo Ma , Masayoshi Tomizuka , Chiho Choi