Related papers: The Electron in the Maze
A room temperature liquid metal features a melting point around room temperature. We use liquid metal gallium due to its non-toxicity. A physical maze is a connected set of Euclidean domains separated by impassable walls. We demonstrate…
In the presence of Joule heating, the electronic temperature in a metallic resistor placed at sub-Kelvin temperatures can significantly exceed the phonon temperature. Electron cooling proceeds mainly through two processes: electronic…
We discuss electron acceleration and heating during collisionless magnetic reconnection by using the results of implicit kinetic simulations of Harris current sheets. We consider and compare electron dynamics in plasmas with different \beta…
We overview experimental laboratory prototypes of maze solvers. We speculate that all maze solvers implement Lee algorithm by first developing a gradient of values showing a distance from any site of the maze to the destination site and…
The mathematical model describing the dynamics of closed contact heating which involves vaporization of the metal when instantaneous explosion of micro-asperity occurs is presented through a Stefan type problem. The temperature field for…
Both analytical and numerical works show that magnetic reconnection must occur in hot accretion flows. This process will effectively heat and accelerate electrons. In this paper we use the numerical hybrid simulation of magnetic…
In this brief article I describe an experiment to illustrate how a fuse works. I have used this as part of lessons for my year 11 classes to demonstrate how an electrical fuse 'blows' when too high a current passes through it.
Kirchhoff's laws offer a general, straightforward approach to circuit analysis. Unfortunately, use of the laws becomes impractical for all but the simplest of circuits. This work presents a novel method of analyzing direct current resistor…
We propose an efficient mechanism to heat a plasma by an intense microwave field solving the equation of ion motion in a wave field and a constant magnetic field in a large coupling regime. The mechanism does not relies explicitly on…
We consider the process of cooling of a heavy particle beam in a co-moving electron beam of low temperature guided by a solenoidal magnetic field. This paper summarizes the main results of theoretical studies of this process conducted by…
Students often have difficulty in understanding qualitatively the behaviour of simple electric circuits. In particular, as different studies have shown, they find multiple batteries connected in multiple loops difficult to analyse. In a…
The dynamics of two initially unmagnetized relativistic counter-streaming homogeneous ion-electron plasma beams are simulated in two dimensions using the particle-in-cell (PIC) method. It is shown that current filaments, which form due to…
The present work investigates electron transport and heating mechanisms using an (r, z) particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation of a typical rf-driven axisymmetric magnetron discharge with a conducting target. It is shown that for the considered…
There have been many experimental investigations into the ability of electric fields to enhance combustion by acting upon ion species present in flames [1]. In this work, we examine this phenomenon using a one-dimensional model of a lean…
This paper investigates an induction heating problem in a multi-component system containing a moving non-magnetic conductor. The electromagnetic process is described by the eddy current model, and the heat transfer process is governed by…
A dielectric dilemma faces scientists because Maxwell's equations are poor approximations as usually written, with a single dielectric constant. Maxwell's equations are then not accurate enough to be useful in many applications involving…
Direct current (DC) circuits are usually taught in upper-level physics curricula, and Kirchhoff's laws are stated and used to solve the steady-state currents. However, students are not often introduced to alternative techniques, such as…
The aim of this work is to develop a simple optical method for the visualization of the natural convection flow generated in an electronic system during its normal operation. The presented experimental set-up allows to reveal local…
A theoretical model that describes a new mechanism of atomic and molecular ionization in a low intensity electro-magnetic wave (light or laser beam) with the energy of quanta that is lower than required for a single photon ionization is…
There is a growing interest towards implementation of maze solving in spatially-extended physical, chemical and living systems. Several reports of prototypes attracted great publicity, e.g. maze solving with slime mould and epithelial…