Related papers: The Nuisance Principle in Infinite Settings
A distinctive property of human and animal intelligence is the ability to form abstractions by neglecting irrelevant information which allows to separate structure from noise. From an information theoretic point of view abstractions are…
The Heisenberg uncertainty principle states that the product of the noise in a position measurement and the momentum disturbance caused by that measurement should be no less than the limit set by Planck's constant, hbar/2, as demonstrated…
This paper improves two existing theorems of interest to neo-logicist philosophers of mathematics. The first is a classification theorem due to Fine for equivalence relations between concepts definable in a well-behaved second-order logic.…
This work considers reasons for and implications of discarding the assumption of transitivity, which (transitivity) is the fundamental postulate in the utility theory of Von Neumann and Morgenstern, the adiabatic accessibility principle of…
We investigate determining the exact bounds of the frequencies of conjunctions based on frequent sets. Our scenario is an important special case of some general probabilistic logic problems that are known to be intractable. We show that…
Many inverse problems include nuisance parameters which, while not of direct interest, are required to recover primary parameters. Structure present in these problems allows efficient optimization strategies - a well known example is…
In this paper I propose a new principle in physics: the principle of "finiteness". It stems from the definition of physics as a science that deals (among other things) with measurable dimensional physical quantities. Since measurement…
Over the last few years, it was realised that non-canonical scalar fields can lead to the accelerated expansion in the early universe. The primordial spectrum in these scenarios not only shows near scale-invariance consistent with CMB…
Second-order self-force computations, which will be essential in modeling extreme-mass-ratio inspirals, involve two major new difficulties that were not present at first order. One is the problem of large scales, discussed in [Phys. Rev. D…
Amalgamation SNP (ASNP) is a fragment of existential second-order logic that strictly contains binary connected MMSNP of Feder and Vardi and binary guarded monotone SNP of Bienvenu, ten Cate, Lutz, and Wolter; it is a promising candidate…
Regular expressions with backreferences (regex, for short), as supported by most modern libraries for regular expression matching, have an NP-complete matching problem. We define a complexity parameter of regex, called active variable…
Adversarial vulnerability in vision and hallucination in large language models are conventionally viewed as separate problems, each addressed with modality-specific patches. This study first reveals that they share a common geometric…
In this paper, we investigate whether Variational Principles can be associated with the Helmholtz equation subject to impedance (absorbing) boundary conditions. This model has been extensively studied in the literature from both…
This paper shows that the problem of testing hypotheses in moment condition models without any assumptions about identification may be considered as a problem of testing with an infinite-dimensional nuisance parameter. We introduce a…
Motivated by LHC results, we modify the usual criterion for naturalness by ignoring the uncomputable power divergences. The Standard Model satisfies the modified criterion ('finite naturalness') for the measured values of its parameters.…
The problem of neutral fermions subject to an inversely linear potential is revisited. It is shown that an infinite set of bound-state solutions can be found on the condition that the fermion is embedded in an additional uniform background…
The prevalent interpretation of G\"odel's Second Theorem states that a sufficiently adequate and consistent theory does not prove its consistency. It is however not entirely clear how to justify this informal reading, as the formulation of…
We discuss control techniques for noisy self-sustained oscillators with a focus on reliability, stability of the response to noisy driving, and oscillation coherence understood in the sense of constancy of oscillation frequency. For any…
The Monotonocity Principle (MP), stating a monotonic relationship between a material property and a proper corresponding boundary operator, is attracting great interest in the field of inverse problems, because of its fundamental role in…
Data replication is essential to ensure reliability, availability and fault-tolerance of massive distributed applications over large scale systems such as the Internet. However, these systems are prone to partitioning, which by Brewer's CAP…