Related papers: Requiem for an ideal clock
There are a number of problematic features within the current treatment of time in physical theories, including the "timelessness" of the Universe as encapsulated by the Wheeler-DeWitt equation. This paper considers one particular…
This article generalizes the conditional probability interpretation of time in which time evolution is realized through entanglement between a clock and a system of interest. This formalism is based upon conditioning a solution to the…
Among the many proposals to approach the concept of time in quantum theory, the Page-Wootters mechanism has attracted much attention in the last few years. Originally, such a mechanism explored a stationary bipartite non-interacting global…
Physical systems are usually assumed to evolve relative to an external time parameter, which is problematic because in quantum theory that parameter is not a physical observable. Page & Wootters (1984) solved this by proposing that the…
I show that the clock ambiguity cannot be solved by a purely relational condition like the noninteraction condition, and it is even stronger, extending to evolution laws. The ambiguity is solved by specifying the physical meaning of…
We consider the conditioning of the timeless solution to the Wheeler-DeWitt equation by a predefined matter clock state in the simple scenario of de Sitter universe. The resulting evolution of the geometrodynamical degree of freedom with…
The problem of time is a deep paradox in our physical description of the world. According to Aristotle's relational theory, time is a measure of change and does not exist on its own. In contrast, quantum mechanics, just like Newtonian…
The "problem of time" in present physics substantially consists in the fact that a straightforward quantization of the general relativistic evolution equation and constraints generates for the Universe wave function the Wheeler-De Witt…
We investigate three aspects of the supposed problem of time: The disagreement between the treatments of time in general relativity and quantum theory, the problem of recovering time from within an isolated Universe and the prevalence of a…
The Conditional Probability Interpretation (CPI), first introduced by Page and Wootters, is reviewed and refined. It is argued that in it's refined form the CPI is capable of answering various past criticisms. In particular, questions…
The paper addresses the quantization of minisuperspace cosmological models by studying a possible solution to the problem of time and time asymmetries in quantum cosmology. Since General Relativity does not have a privileged time variable…
The Wheeler-DeWitt equation is based on the use of canonical quantization rules that may be inconsistent for constrained dynamical systems, such as minisuperspaces subject to Einstein's equations. The resulting quantum dynamics has no…
We draw a picture of physical systems that allows us to recognize what is this thing called "time" by requiring consistency not only with our notion of time but also with the way time enters the fundamental laws of Physics, independently of…
This thesis contains an analysis of the problem of time in quantum cosmology and its application to a cosmological minisuperspace model. In the first part, we introduce the problem of time and the theoretical foundations. In the second…
An extrinsic time is identified in most isotropic and homogeneous cosmological models by matching them with the ideal clock - a parametrized system whose only "degree of freedom" is time -. Once this matching is established, the…
We investigate the emergent time scenario in quantum cosmology based on the Page-Wotters approach. Using a quantum cosmological model with a qubit clock, it is demonstrated how the entanglement between the qubit clock and the geometry…
Given a bipartite quantum system in an energy eigenstate, the dynamical description for one component can be derived via entanglement using the other component as a clock. This is the essence of the Page and Wootters mechanism. Moreover, if…
Canonical quantization applied to closed systems leads to static equations, the Wheeler-deWitt equation in Quantum Gravity and the time independent Schr\"odinger equation in Quantum Mechanics. How to restore time is the Problem of Time(s).…
We study gravitational back-reaction within the Page-Wootters formulation of quantum mechanics by treating time as a quantum degree of freedom. Our model introduces a distinction between global coordinate time, represented as a relational…
Time has been an elusive concept to grasp. Although we do not yet understand it properly, there has been advances made in regards to how we can explain it. One such advance is the Page-Wootters mechanism. In this mechanism time is seen as…