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Directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) are commonly used to represent causal relationships among random variables in graphical models. Applications of these models arise in the study of physical, as well as biological systems, where directed edges…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2009-12-01 Ali Shojaie , George Michailidis

Causal discovery, the learning of causality in a data mining scenario, has been of strong scientific and theoretical interest as a starting point to identify "what causes what?" Contingent on assumptions and a proper learning algorithm, it…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-05-23 Gabriel Ruiz , Oscar Hernan Madrid Padilla , Qing Zhou

Existing approaches to differentiable structure learning of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) rely on strong identifiability assumptions in order to guarantee that global minimizers of the acyclicity-constrained optimization problem identifies…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-11-28 Chang Deng , Kevin Bello , Pradeep Ravikumar , Bryon Aragam

A well-studied challenge that arises in the structure learning problem of causal directed acyclic graphs (DAG) is that using observational data, one can only learn the graph up to a "Markov equivalence class" (MEC). The remaining undirected…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Vibhor Porwal , Piyush Srivastava , Gaurav Sinha

Assuming a directed acyclic graph (DAG) that represents prior knowledge of causal relationships between variables is a common starting point for cause-effect estimation. Existing literature typically invokes hypothetical domain expert…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-11 Kirtan Padh , Zhufeng Li , Cecilia Casolo , Niki Kilbertus

A Bayesian network is a probabilistic graphical model that consists of a directed acyclic graph (DAG), where each node is a random variable and attached to each node is a conditional probability distribution (CPD). A Bayesian network can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Charupriya Sharma , Zhenyu A. Liao , James Cussens , Peter van Beek

This paper re-examines a continuous optimization framework dubbed NOTEARS for learning Bayesian networks. We first generalize existing algebraic characterizations of acyclicity to a class of matrix polynomials. Next, focusing on a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Dennis Wei , Tian Gao , Yue Yu

In this paper, we present a heuristic operator which aims at simultaneously optimizing the orientations of all the edges in an intermediate Bayesian network structure during the search process. This is done by alternating between the space…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-01-18 Harald Steck

Causal discovery amounts to learning a directed acyclic graph (DAG) that encodes a causal model. This model selection problem can be challenging due to its large combinatorial search space, particularly when dealing with non-parametric…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-08-21 Yurou Liang , Oleksandr Zadorozhnyi , Mathias Drton

This work addresses the NP-Hard problem of acyclic directed acyclic graph (DAG) partitioning problem. The acyclic partitioning problem is defined as partitioning the vertex set of a given directed acyclic graph into disjoint and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-07-28 M. Yusuf Özkaya , Ümit V. Çatalyürek

Without any assumptions about data generation, multiple causal models may explain our observations equally well. To avoid selecting a single arbitrary model that could result in unsafe decisions if it does not match reality, it is therefore…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Tristan Deleu

We propose a joint order-based scoring framework for causal structure learning of directed acyclic graph (DAG) models under heterogeneous data settings. We show that leveraging heterogeneity improves the accuracy of causal ordering…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-18 Hyunwoong Chang , Fariha Taskin

We establish finite-sample guarantees for a polynomial-time algorithm for learning a nonlinear, nonparametric directed acyclic graphical (DAG) model from data. The analysis is model-free and does not assume linearity, additivity,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-11-12 Ming Gao , Yi Ding , Bryon Aragam

Acyclic digraphs are the underlying representation of Bayesian networks, a widely used class of probabilistic graphical models. Learning the underlying graph from data is a way of gaining insights about the structural properties of a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-05-06 Jack Kuipers , Giusi Moffa

We introduce the problem of active causal structure learning with advice. In the typical well-studied setting, the learning algorithm is given the essential graph for the observational distribution and is asked to recover the underlying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Davin Choo , Themis Gouleakis , Arnab Bhattacharyya

We consider the problem of recovering the true causal structure among a set of variables, generated by a linear acyclic structural equation model (SEM) with the error terms being independent, not necessarily Gaussian, and having equal…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-25 Anamitra Chaudhuri , Yang Ni , Anirban Bhattacharya

This paper explores the conditions for determining fixed nodes in structured networks, specifically focusing on directed acyclic graphs (DAGs). We introduce several necessary and sufficient conditions for determining fixed nodes in…

General Topology · Mathematics 2025-09-08 Nam-jin Park , Yeong-Ung Kim , Hyo-Sung Ahn

Bayesian structure learning is the NP-hard problem of discovering a Bayesian network that optimally represents a given set of training data. In this paper we study the computational worst-case complexity of exact Bayesian structure learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-03-19 Sebastian Ordyniak , Stefan Szeider

Simulations are ubiquitous in machine learning. Especially in graph learning, simulations of Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAG) are being deployed for evaluating new algorithms. In the literature, it was recently argued that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-16 Jonas Seng , Matej Zečević , Devendra Singh Dhami , Kristian Kersting

Some temporal networks, most notably citation networks, are naturally represented as directed acyclic graphs (DAGs). To detect communities in DAGs, we propose a modularity for DAGs by defining an appropriate null model (i.e., randomized…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-08-13 Leo Speidel , Taro Takaguchi , Naoki Masuda