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We introduce a Phase Field Crystal (PFC) model for particles with n-fold rotational symmetry in two dimensions. Our approach is based on a free energy functional that depends on the reduced one-particle density, the strength of the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-02-02 Robert F. B. Weigel , Michael Schmiedeberg

Crystalline defects critically influence material properties, necessitating accurate simulation methods. Existing approaches, from atomic-scale configurations to continuum elasticity, face inherent limitations in modeling…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-10-09 Xinyi Wei , Yangshuai Wang , Kai Jiang , Lei Zhang

The phase-field crystal model (PFC) describes crystal structures at diffusive timescales through a periodic order parameter representing the atomic density. One of its main features is that it naturally incorporates elastic and plastic…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-07-07 Maik Punke , Vidar Skogvoll , Marco Salvalaglio

Dendritic growth, and the formation of material microstructure in general, necessarily involves a wide range of length scales from the atomic up to sample dimensions. The phase field approach of Langer, enhanced by optimal asymptotic…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-06-25 Nigel Goldenfeld , Badrinarayan P. Athreya , Jonathan A. Dantzig

We present a mesoscale description of deformations and defects in thin, flexible sheets with crystalline order, tackling the interplay between in-plane elasticity, out-of-plane deformation, as well as dislocation nucleation and motion. Our…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-02-26 Lucas Benoit--Maréchal , Ingo Nitschke , Axel Voigt , Marco Salvalaglio

A phase field theory of polycrystalline solidification is presented that is able to describe the nucleation and growth of anisotropic particles with different crystallographic orientation in three dimensions. As opposed with the…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-11 T. Pusztai , G. Bortel , L. Granasy

Directional solidification of water-based solutions has emerged as a versatile technique for templating hierarchical porous materials. However, the underlying mechanisms of pattern formation remain incompletely understood. In this work, we…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-03-20 Kaihua Ji , Alain Karma

We use surface tension to distinguish between phases with isotropic internal structure from phases which are microscopically anisotropic. There are many interesting open problems, especially in two dimensions, and in phase coexistence.

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-07-28 Charles Radin

We present a phase-field crystal (PFC) model for solidification that accounts for thermal transport and a temperature-dependent lattice parameter. Elasticity effects are characterized through the continuous elastic field computed from the…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-01-26 Maik Punke , Steven M. Wise , Axel Voigt , Marco Salvalaglio

In this work, phase diagrams of a modified two-mode phase-field crystal (PFC) that show two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) crystallographic structures were determined by utilizing a free energy minimization method. In this…

Materials Science · Physics 2017-06-06 Arezoo Emdadi , Mohsen Asle Zaeem , Ebrahim Asadi

Interface energy and kinetic coefficient of crystal growth strongly depend on the face of the crystalline lattice. To investigate the kinetic anisotropy and velocity of different crystallographic faces we use the hyperbolic (modified) phase…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-04-03 Vladimir Ankudinov , Peter K. Galenko

We develop and analyze a two-mode phase-field-crystal model to describe fcc ordering. The model is formulated by coupling two different sets of crystal density waves corresponding to <111> and <200> reciprocal lattice vectors, which are…

Materials Science · Physics 2010-07-01 Kuo-An Wu , Ari Adland , Alain Karma

The phase field crystal (PFC) approach extends the notion of phase field models by describing the topology of the microscopic structure of a crystalline material. One of the consequences is that local variation of the interatomic distance…

Materials Science · Physics 2016-05-18 V. Heinonen , C. V. Achim , T. Ala-Nissila

Here, we review the basic concepts and applications of the phase-field-crystal (PFC) method, which is one of the latest simulation methodologies in materials science for problems, where atomic- and microscales are tightly coupled. The PFC…

The phase-field-crystal model is used to access the structure and thermodynamics of interfaces between two coexisting liquid crystalline phases in two spatial dimensions. Depending on the model parameters there is a variety of possible…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2014-01-28 Simon Praetorius , Axel Voigt , Raphael Wittkowski , Hartmut Löwen

We investigate bulk thermodynamic and microscopic structural properties of amorphous solids in the framework of the phase-field crystal (PFC) model. These are metastable states with a non-uniform density distribution having no long-range…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-09-11 Shaho Abdalla , Andrew J. Archer , László Gránásy , Gyula I. Tóth

One of the major difficulties in employing phase field crystal (PFC) modeling and the associated amplitude (APFC) formulation is the ability to tune model parameters to match experimental quantities. In this work we address the problem of…

Materials Science · Physics 2017-11-21 Marco Salvalaglio , Rainer Backofen , Axel Voigt , Ken R. Elder

A continuum density-field formulation with particle-scale resolution is constructed to simultaneously incorporate the orientation dependence of interparticle interactions and the rotational invariance of the system, a fundamental but…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-05-28 Zi-Le Wang , Zhirong Liu , Zhi-Feng Huang

A phase-field formulation is introduced to simulate quantitatively microstructural pattern formation in alloys. The thin-interface limit of this formulation yields a much less stringent restriction on the choice of interface thickness than…

Materials Science · Physics 2016-08-31 Alain Karma

Phase field crystal (PFC) models constitute a field theoretical approach to solidification, melting and related phenomena at atomic length and diffusive time scales. One of the advantages of these models is that they naturally contain…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-06-18 V. Heinonen , C. V. Achim , K. R. Elder , S. Buyukdagli , T. Ala-Nissila