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If a disturbance rocks a low-inertia power system, the frequency decline may be too rapid to arrest before it triggers undesirable responses from generators and loads. In the worst case, this instability could lead to blackout and major…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-08 Adam B. Birchfield

The increasing penetration of non-synchronous renewable energy sources (NS-RES) alters the dynamic characteristic, and consequently, the frequency behaviour of a power system. To accurately identify these changing trends and address them in…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-08-03 Ahmad Shabir Ahmadyar , Shariq Riaz , Gregor Verbic , Archie Chapman , David J. Hill

The stability of AC power grids relies on ancillary services that mitigate frequency fluctuations. The electromechanical inertia of large synchronous generators is currently the only resource to absorb frequency disturbances on sub-second…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-21 Julian Fritzsch , Philippe Jacquod

This paper studies network resilience against structured additive perturbations to its topology. We consider dynamic networks modeled as linear time-invariant systems subject to perturbations of bounded energy satisfying specific sparsity…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-18 Shenyu Liu , Sonia Martinez , Jorge Cortes

Reasonably large perturbations may push a power grid from its stable synchronous state into an undesirable state. Identifying vulnerabilities in power grids by studying power grid stability against such perturbations can aid in preventing…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2025-08-26 Calvin Alvares , Soumitro Banerjee

The increased integration of intermittent and decentralised forms of power production has eroded the stability margins of power grids and made it more challenging to ensure reliable and secure power transmission. Reliable grid operation…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-01-27 John M. Moloney , Sam J. Williamson , Cameron L. Hall

This paper studies the problem of frequency regulation in power grids under unknown and possible time-varying load changes, while minimizing the generation costs. We formulate this problem as an output agreement problem for distribution…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2015-10-01 Sebastian Trip , Mathias Bürger , Claudio De Persis

This paper considers the phenomenon of distinct regional frequencies recently observed in some power systems. First, a reduced-order mathematical model describing this behaviour is developed. Then, techniques to solve the model are…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-04-15 Luis Badesa , Fei Teng , Goran Strbac

The increasing penetration of renewable energy leads to a continuous reduction in system inertia, for which conventional synchronization criteria based solely on frequency consistency can no longer accurately capture the coupled dynamics of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-24 Yusen Wei , Lan Tang , Peidong Li

Rotational inertia is stabilizing the frequency of electric power systems against small and large disturbances, but it is also the cause for oscillations between generators. As more and more conventional generators are replaced by renewable…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-05-10 Theodor Borsche , Florian Dörfler

The dynamic response of power grids to small events or persistent stochastic disturbances influences their stable operation. Low-frequency inter-area oscillations are of particular concern due to insufficient damping. This paper studies the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-04-20 Manish K. Singh , Vassilis Kekatos

Shifting our electricity generation from fossil fuel to renewable energy sources introduces large fluctuations to the power system. Here, we demonstrate how increased fluctuations, reduced damping and reduced intertia may undermine the…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2017-06-14 Benjamin Schäfer , Moritz Matthiae , Xiaozhu Zhang , Martin Rohden , Marc Timme , Dirk Witthaut

Low-frequency disturbances of power quality are one of the most common disturbances in the power grid. These disturbances are most often the result of the impact of power electronic and energy-saving devices, the number of which is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-02 Piotr Kuwałek , Grzegorz Wiczyński

We study the stability of coupled impedance passive regular linear systems under power-preserving interconnections. We present new conditions for strong, exponential, and non-uniform stability of the closed-loop system. We apply the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-03-01 Lassi Paunonen

Power system robustness against high impact low probability events is becoming a major concern. To depict distinct phases of a system response during these disturbances, an irregular polygon model is derived from the conventional trapezoid…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-11 Giritharan Vijay Iswaran , Ramin Vakili , Mojdeh Khorsand

The rapid rise in inverter-based renewable resources has heightened concerns over subsynchronous resonance and oscillations, thereby challenging grid stability. This paper reviews approaches to identify and mitigate these issues, focusing…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-16 Shuvangkar Chandra Das , Lokesh Saravana , Le Minh Vu , Manh Bui , Tuyen Vu , Jianhua Zhang , Thomas Ortmeyer

The increasing demand of large scale wind integration in the conventional power system brings a lot of challenges. One of them is the stability of the power system when subjected to a large disturbance, such as a fault. This paper proposes…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-10 Umair Shahzad

The electrical grid is evolving from a network consisting of mostly synchronous machines to a mixture of synchronous machines and inverter-based resources such as wind, solar, and energy storage. This transformation has led to a decrease in…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-29 Atinuke Ademola-Idowu , Baosen Zhang

Power injection uncertainties in distribution power grids, which are mostly induced by aggressive introduction of intermittent renewable sources, may drive the system away from normal operating regimes and potentially lead to the loss of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-11-21 Hung D. Nguyen , Krishnamurthy Dvijotham , Suhyoun Yu , Konstantin Turitsyn

In this paper we provide a complete link between dissipation theory and a celebrated result on stability analysis with integral quadratic constraints. This is achieved with a new stability characterization for feedback interconnections…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-03-16 Carsten W. Scherer , Joost Veenman