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Quadruped robots are often designed with rigid feet to simplify control and maintain stable contact during locomotion. While this approach is straightforward, it limits the ability of the legs to absorb impact forces and reuse stored…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Pramod Pal , Shishir Kolathaya , Ashitava Ghosal

Differentiable simulators promise to improve sample efficiency in robot learning by providing analytic gradients of the system dynamics. Yet, their application to contact-rich tasks like locomotion is complicated by the inherently…

The performance achieved with traditional model-based control system design approaches typically relies heavily upon accurate modeling of the motion dynamics. However, modeling the true dynamics of present-day increasingly complex systems…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-07 Xiaocong Li , Haiyue Zhu , Jun Ma , Tat Joo Teo , Chek Sing Teo , Masayoshi Tomizuka , Tong Heng Lee

Natural and lifelike locomotion remains a fundamental challenge for humanoid robots to interact with human society. However, previous methods either neglect motion naturalness or rely on unstable and ambiguous style rewards. In this paper,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Haodong Zhang , Liang Zhang , Zhenghan Chen , Lu Chen , Yue Wang , Rong Xiong

Legged robots must exhibit robust and agile locomotion across diverse, unstructured terrains, a challenge exacerbated under blind locomotion settings where terrain information is unavailable. This work introduces a hierarchical…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Matheus P. Angarola , Francisco Affonso , Marcelo Becker

Traditional one-step preview planning algorithms for bipedal locomotion struggle to generate viable gaits when walking across terrains with restricted footholds, such as stepping stones. To overcome such limitations, this paper introduces a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Zhaoyang Xiang , Victor Paredes , Guillermo A. Castillo , Ayonga Hereid

Reinforcement learning (RL) for bipedal locomotion has recently demonstrated robust gaits over moderate terrains using only proprioceptive sensing. However, such blind controllers will fail in environments where robots must anticipate and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Helei Duan , Bikram Pandit , Mohitvishnu S. Gadde , Bart van Marum , Jeremy Dao , Chanho Kim , Alan Fern

This paper addresses the problem of legged locomotion in non-flat terrain. As legged robots such as quadrupeds are to be deployed in terrains with geometries which are difficult to model and predict, the need arises to equip them with the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-02-03 Vassilios Tsounis , Mitja Alge , Joonho Lee , Farbod Farshidian , Marco Hutter

In this paper, with a view toward deployment of light-weight control frameworks for bipedal walking robots, we realize end-foot trajectories that are shaped by a single linear feedback policy. We learn this policy via a model-free and a…

Humans' ability to smoothly switch between locomotion and manipulation is a remarkable feature of sensorimotor coordination. Leaning and replication of such human-like strategies can lead to the development of more sophisticated robots…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Jianzhuang Zhao , Francesco Tassi , Yanlong Huang , Elena De Momi , Arash Ajoudani

Recognizing and identifying human locomotion is a critical step to ensuring fluent control of wearable robots, such as transtibial prostheses. In particular, classifying the intended locomotion mode and estimating the gait phase are key. In…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Ryan Posh , Shenggao Li , Patrick Wensing

We present a novel method for learning from demonstration 6-D tasks that can be modeled as a sequence of linear motions and compliances. The focus of this paper is the learning of a single linear primitive, many of which can be sequenced to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Markku Suomalainen , Fares J. Abu-Dakka , Ville Kyrki

Legged robots possess inherent advantages in traversing complex 3D terrains. However, previous work on low-cost quadruped robots with egocentric vision systems has been limited by a narrow front-facing view and exteroceptive noise,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Songbo Li , Shixin Luo , Jun Wu , Qiuguo Zhu

Quadruped robots have shown remarkable mobility on various terrains through reinforcement learning. Yet, in the presence of sparse footholds and risky terrains such as stepping stones and balance beams, which require precise foot placement…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Chong Zhang , Nikita Rudin , David Hoeller , Marco Hutter

Robust closed-loop locomotion remains challenging for soft quadruped robots due to high-dimensional dynamics, actuator hysteresis, and difficult-to-model contact interactions, while conventional proprioception provides limited information…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Storm de Kam , Ebrahim Shahabi , Cosimo Della Santina

To proactively navigate and traverse various terrains, active use of visual perception becomes indispensable. We aim to investigate the feasibility and performance of using sparse visual observations to achieve perceptual locomotion over a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-05-27 Fernando Acero , Kai Yuan , Zhibin Li

Multi-legged robots with six or more legs are not in common use, despite designs with superior stability, maneuverability, and a low number of actuators being available for over 20 years. This may be in part due to the difficulty in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-01-05 Ziyou Wu , Dan Zhao , Shai Revzen

Learning human-like, robust bipedal walking remains difficult due to hybrid dynamics and terrain variability. We propose a lightweight framework that combines a gait generator network learned from human motion with Proximal Policy…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Yusuf Baran Ates , Omer Morgul

Data-driven learning based methods have recently been particularly successful at learning robust locomotion controllers for a variety of unstructured terrains. Prior work has shown that incorporating good locomotion priors in the form of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-06-23 Shikha Surana , Bryan Lim , Antoine Cully

Most locomotion methods for humanoid robots focus on leg-based gaits, yet natural bipeds frequently rely on hands, knees, and elbows to establish additional contacts for stability and support in complex environments. This paper introduces…