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A polynomial that is nonnegative need not be a sum of squares of polynomials. This classical gap, identified by Hilbert in 1888, lies at the heart of why the global optimization of multivariate quartic polynomials is NP-hard. Yet we show…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-03 Wenqi Zhu , Coralia Cartis

This paper studies sum-of-squares (SOS) representations for structured biquadratic forms. We prove that diagonally dominated symmetric biquadratic tensors are always SOS. For the special case of symmetric biquadratic forms, we establish…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-12 Yi Xu , Chunfeng Cui , Liqun Qi

We investigate the representation of symmetric polynomials as a sum of squares. Since this task is solved using semidefinite programming tools we explore the geometric, algebraic, and computational implications of the presence of discrete…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Karin Gatermann , Pablo A. Parrilo

Optimization over non-negative polynomials is fundamental for nonlinear systems analysis and control. We investigate the relation between three tractable relaxations for optimizing over sparse non-negative polynomials: sparse sum-of-squares…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-01-13 Yang Zheng , Giovanni Fantuzzi , Antonis Papachristodoulou

The moment-sum-of-squares (moment-SOS) hierarchy is one of the most celebrated and widely applied methods for approximating the minimum of an n-variate polynomial over a feasible region defined by polynomial (in)equalities. A key feature of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-05-25 Sander Gribling , Sven Polak , Lucas Slot

A sum-of-squares is a polynomial that can be expressed as a sum of squares of other polynomials. Determining if a sum-of-squares decomposition exists for a given polynomial is equivalent to a linear matrix inequality feasibility problem.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-03-07 Peter Seiler , Qian Zheng , Gary Balas

We consider certificates of positivity for univariate polynomials with rational coefficients that are positive over (an interval of)~$\mathbb{R}$. Such certificates take the form of weighted sums of squares (SOS) of polynomials with…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Matías Bender , Philipp Di Dio , Elias Tsigaridas

This paper studies how to solve semi-infinite polynomial programming (SIPP) problems by semidefinite relaxation method. We first introduce two SDP relaxation methods for solving polynomial optimization problems with finitely many…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-06-11 Li Wang , Feng Guo

We give efficient algorithms for finding power-sum decomposition of an input polynomial $P(x)= \sum_{i\leq m} p_i(x)^d$ with component $p_i$s. The case of linear $p_i$s is equivalent to the well-studied tensor decomposition problem while…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Mitali Bafna , Jun-Ting Hsieh , Pravesh K. Kothari , Jeff Xu

Motivated by a connection with the factorization of multivariate polynomials, we study integral convex polytopes and their integral decompositions in the sense of the Minkowski sum. We first show that deciding decomposability of integral…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 S. Gao , A. G. B. Lauder

A central question in optimization is to maximize (or minimize) a linear function over a given polytope P. To solve such a problem in practice one needs a concise description of the polytope P. In this paper we are interested in…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-12-31 Hamza Fawzi , James Saunderson , Pablo A. Parrilo

This paper introduces an efficient first-order method based on the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) to solve semidefinite programs (SDPs) arising from sum-of-squares (SOS) programming. We exploit the sparsity of the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-07-18 Yang Zheng , Giovanni Fantuzzi , Antonis Papachristodoulou

This paper introduces a novel approach for learning polynomial representations of physical objects. Given a point cloud data set associated with a physical object, we solve a one-class classification problem to bound the data points by a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-12-13 Morgan Jones

When sum-of-squares (SOS) programs are recast as semidefinite programs (SDPs) using the standard monomial basis, the constraint matrices in the SDP possess a structural property that we call \emph{partial orthogonality}. In this paper, we…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-01-13 Yang Zheng , Giovanni Fantuzzi , Antonis Papachristodoulou

In this paper, we present a computational approach to certify almost sure reachability for discrete-time polynomial stochastic systems by turning drift--variant criteria into sum-of-squares (SOS) programs solved with standard semidefinite…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-30 Arash Bahari Kordabad , Rupak Majumdar , Sadegh Soudjani

This paper deals with the algorithmic aspects of solving feasibility problems of semidefinite programming (SDP), aka linear matrix inequalities (LMI). Since in some SDP instances all feasible solutions have irrational entries, numerical…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-28 Vladimir Kolmogorov , Simone Naldi , Jeferson Zapata

We give new algorithms based on the sum-of-squares method for tensor decomposition. Our results improve the best known running times from quasi-polynomial to polynomial for several problems, including decomposing random overcomplete…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-10-07 Tengyu Ma , Jonathan Shi , David Steurer

Certifying the positivity of trigonometric polynomials is of first importance for design problems in discrete-time signal processing. It is well known from the Riesz-Fej\'ez spectral factorization theorem that any trigonometric univariate…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Victor Magron , Mohab Safey El Din , Markus Schweighofer , Trung Hieu Vu

We provide an asymptotically tight, computationally efficient approximation of the joint spectral radius of a set of matrices using sum of squares (SOS) programming. The approach is based on a search for an SOS polynomial that proves…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2008-03-23 Pablo A. Parrilo , Ali Jadbabaie

Semidefinite programming (SDP) provides a fundamental framework for studying properties of sum-of-squares (sos) representations of nonnegative polynomials. In this paper we study the quartic forms GF = (|x|^4 + F(x))/2 associated with…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2026-03-24 Jianquan Ge , Kai Jia , Yuyang Zhao