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The mathematics of musical intervals and scales has been extensively studied. Vastly simplified, our ears seem to prefer intervals whose frequency ratios have small numerator and denominator, such as 2:1 (octave), 3:2 (perfect fifth), 4:3…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2025-09-23 Matthias Beck , Emily Clader

To date, calculating the frequencies of musical notes requires one to know the frequency of some reference note. In this study, first-order ordinary differential equations are used to arrive at a mathematical model to determine tonal…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Steve Mathew

We investigate a dynamically adapting tuning scheme for microtonal tuning of musical instruments, allowing the performer to play music in just intonation in any key. Unlike other methods, which are based on a procedural analysis of the…

Popular Physics · Physics 2018-06-12 Karolin Stange , Christoph Wick , Haye Hinrichsen

The perception of consonance/dissonance of musical harmonies is strongly correlated with their periodicity. This is shown in this article by consistently applying recent results from psychophysics and neuroacoustics, namely that the just…

Sound · Computer Science 2018-11-21 Frieder Stolzenburg

Popular music is a key cultural expression that has captured listeners' attention for ages. Many of the structural regularities underlying musical discourse are yet to be discovered and, accordingly, their historical evolution remains…

Sound · Computer Science 2016-05-18 Joan Serrà , Álvaro Corral , Marián Boguñá , Martín Haro , Josep Lluis Arcos

In classical music and in any genre of contemporary music, the tonal elements or notes used for playing are the same. The numerous possibilities of chords for a given instance in a piece make the playing, in general, very intricate, and…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Steve Mathew D A

This work focuses on the topic of melodic characterization and similarity in a specific musical repertoire: a cappella flamenco singing, more specifically in debla and martinete styles. We propose the combination of manual and automatic…

Sound · Computer Science 2015-09-17 Francisco Gómez , Joaquín Mora , Emilia Gómez , José Miguel Díaz-Báñez

We associate a musical instrument, a "hyperbolic marimba", to every pair $(X,\Gamma)$ where $X$ is a hyperbolic surface and $\Gamma\subset X$ a simple multicurve labeled with musical keys. It works as follows: take a geodesic and every time…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2026-05-07 Ludovico Battista , Juan Souto

In this paper we present mathematical and physical models to be used in the analysis of the problem of intonation of musical instruments such as guitars, mandolins and the like, i.e., we study how to improve the tuning on these instruments.…

Classical Physics · Physics 2010-01-26 Gabriele U. Varieschi , Christina M. Gower

Consonance is related to the perception of pleasantness arising from a combination of sounds and has been approached quantitatively using mathematical relations, physics, information theory, and psychoacoustics. Tonal consonance is present…

Sound · Computer Science 2017-04-25 Jorge Useche , Rafael Hurtado

The human sense of hearing perceives a combination of sounds 'in tune' if the corresponding harmonic spectra are correlated, meaning that the neuronal excitation pattern in the inner ear exhibits some kind of order. Based on this…

Classical Physics · Physics 2012-04-10 Haye Hinrichsen

The dichotic method of hearing sound adapts in the region of musical harmony. The algorithm of the separation of the being dissonant voices into several separate groups is proposed. For an increase in the pleasantness of chords the…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Vadim R. Madgazin

Music is a complex socio-cultural construct, which fascinates researchers in diverse fields, as well as the general public. Understanding the historical development of music may help us understand perceptual and cognition, while also…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-08-08 Alfredo González-Espinoza , Joshua B. Plotkin

Music creation involves not only composing the different parts (e.g., melody, chords) of a musical work but also arranging/selecting the instruments to play the different parts. While the former has received increasing attention, the latter…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-06-03 Yun-Ning Hung , I-Tung Chiang , Yi-An Chen , Yi-Hsuan Yang

Sixty participants provided dissimilarity ratings between various singing techniques. Multidimensional scaling, class averaging and clustering techniques were used to analyse timbral spaces and how they change between different singers,…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-11-17 Brendan O'Connor , Simon Dixon , George Fazekas

In the production of modern music, the musical characteristics of the guitar or keyboard amplifier play an integral role in the creative process. This article explores the physics of music with an emphasis on the role of distortion in the…

Popular Physics · Physics 2025-04-08 Anna Mullin , Derek Leinweber

Colombia has a diversity of genres in traditional music, which allows to express the richness of the Colombian culture according to the region. This musical diversity is the result of a mixture of African, native Indigenous, and European…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Diego A. Cruz , Sergio S. Lopez , Jorge E. Camargo

The number of possible melodies is unfathomably large, yet despite this virtually unlimited potential for melodic variation, melodies from different societies can be surprisingly similar. The motor constraint hypothesis accounts for certain…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-07-25 John M McBride , Nahie Kim , Yuri Nishikawa , Mekhmed Saadakeev , Marcus T Pearce , Tsvi Tlusty

After briefly revising the concepts of consonance/dissonance, a respective mathematic-computational model is described, based on Helmholtz's consonance theory and also considering the partials intensity. It is then applied to characterize…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-06-18 Luciano da Fontoura Costa

How do different musical traditions achieve tonal coherence? Most computational measures to date have analysed tonal coherence in terms of a single dimension, whereas a multi-dimensional analyses have not been sufficiently explored. We…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Weilun Xu , Edward Hall , Martin Rohrmeier
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