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Training directed neural networks typically requires forward-propagating data through a computation graph, followed by backpropagating error signal, to produce weight updates. All layers, or more generally, modules, of the network are…

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is a known stochastic iterative method popular for large-scale convex optimization problems due to its simple implementation and scalability. Some objectives, such as those found in complex-valued neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Natanael Alpay , Emeric Battaglia

The training of modern deep learning neural network calls for large amounts of computation, which is often provided by GPUs or other specific accelerators. To scale out to achieve faster training speed, two update algorithms are mainly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-15 Yemao Xu , Dezun Dong , Weixia Xu , Xiangke Liao

In this paper, we provide an in-depth study of Stochastic Backpropagation (SBP) when training deep neural networks for standard image classification and object detection tasks. During backward propagation, SBP calculates the gradients by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Jun Fang , Mingze Xu , Hao Chen , Bing Shuai , Zhuowen Tu , Joseph Tighe

Deep learning models are dominating almost all artificial intelligence tasks such as vision, text, and speech processing. Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is the main tool for training such models, where the computations are usually…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Matteo Cacciola , Antonio Frangioni , Masoud Asgharian , Alireza Ghaffari , Vahid Partovi Nia

With the rapid increase of big data, distributed Machine Learning (ML) has been widely applied in training large-scale models. Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is arguably the workhorse algorithm of ML. Distributed ML models trained by SGD…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-09 Keyu Yang , Lu Chen , Zhihao Zeng , Yunjun Gao

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is arguably the most popular of the machine learning methods applied to training deep neural networks (DNN) today. It has recently been demonstrated that SGD can be statistically biased so that certain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-09-21 Andrew J. R. Simpson

In this paper, we propose a novel optimization algorithm for training machine learning models called Input Normalized Stochastic Gradient Descent (INSGD), inspired by the Normalized Least Mean Squares (NLMS) algorithm used in adaptive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Salih Atici , Hongyi Pan , Ahmet Enis Cetin

We consider a variant of the stochastic gradient descent (SGD) with a random learning rate and reveal its convergence properties. SGD is a widely used stochastic optimization algorithm in machine learning, especially deep learning. Numerous…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-09 Naoki Yoshida , Shogo Nakakita , Masaaki Imaizumi

We propose a simple yet effective technique for neural network learning. The forward propagation is computed as usual. In back propagation, only a small subset of the full gradient is computed to update the model parameters. The gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-12 Xu Sun , Xuancheng Ren , Shuming Ma , Houfeng Wang

Artificial intelligence is revolutionizing our lives at an ever increasing pace. At the heart of this revolution is the recent advancements in deep neural networks (DNN), learning to perform sophisticated, high-level tasks. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-13 Nima Dehmamy , Neda Rohani , Aggelos Katsaggelos

The performance of stochastic gradient descent (SGD) depends critically on how learning rates are tuned and decreased over time. We propose a method to automatically adjust multiple learning rates so as to minimize the expected error at any…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-02-19 Tom Schaul , Sixin Zhang , Yann LeCun

Emerging intelligent embedded devices rely on Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) to be able to interact with the real-world environment. This interaction comes with the ability to retrain DNNs, since environmental conditions change continuously in…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Reza Hojabr , Kamyar Givaki , Kossar Pourahmadi , Parsa Nooralinejad , Ahmad Khonsari , Dara Rahmati , M. Hassan Najafi

In recent years, distributed optimization is proven to be an effective approach to accelerate training of large scale machine learning models such as deep neural networks. With the increasing computation power of GPUs, the bottleneck of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Xiangyi Chen , Xiaoyun Li , Ping Li

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) holds as a classical method to build large scale machine learning models over big data. A stochastic gradient is typically calculated from a limited number of samples (known as mini-batch), so it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-01-14 Yadong Mu , Wei Liu , Wei Fan

In this letter, we address the problem of millimeter-Wave channel estimation in massive MIMO communication systems. Leveraging the sparsity of the mmWave channel in the beamspace, we formulate the estimation problem as a sparse signal…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-07 Peicong Zheng , Xuantao Lyu , Yi Gong

Training deep neural networks on large datasets containing high-dimensional data requires a large amount of computation. A solution to this problem is data-parallel distributed training, where a model is replicated into several…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-18 Lusine Abrahamyan , Yiming Chen , Giannis Bekoulis , Nikos Deligiannis

We propose NovoGrad, an adaptive stochastic gradient descent method with layer-wise gradient normalization and decoupled weight decay. In our experiments on neural networks for image classification, speech recognition, machine translation,…

Forward Gradients - the idea of using directional derivatives in forward differentiation mode - have recently been shown to be utilizable for neural network training while avoiding problems generally associated with backpropagation gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Louis Fournier , Stéphane Rivaud , Eugene Belilovsky , Michael Eickenberg , Edouard Oyallon

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) now acts as a fundamental part of optimization in current machine learning. Meanwhile, deep learning architectures have shown outstanding performance in a wide range of fields, such as natural language…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Zhao Song , Song Yue