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These notes are intended to be a pedagogical introduction to higher-form symmetries, which are symmetries whose charged objects are extended operators supported on lines, surfaces, and etc. This subject has been one of the most popular and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-09-20 Pedro R. S. Gomes

Two dimensional string theory is known to have an infinite dimensional symmetry, both in the continuum formalism as well as in the matrix model formalism. We develop a systematic procedure for computing the conserved charges associated with…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-09-15 Ashoke Sen

Four-dimensional gravity admits many equivalent formulations - metric, Einstein-Cartan, teleparallel, McDowell-Mansouri, among others - each offering distinct advantages, particularly, in view of quantization. We propose a new formulation…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-13 Maïté Dupuis , Florian Girelli , Oleksandra Hrytseniak , Wolfgang Wieland

The pseudo-conformal scenario is an alternative to inflation in which the early universe is described by an approximate conformal field theory on flat, Minkowski space. Some fields acquire a time-dependent expectation value, which breaks…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-01-12 Kurt Hinterbichler , Austin Joyce , Justin Khoury

We calculate the anomalous dimensions of operators with large global charge $J$ in certain strongly coupled conformal field theories in three dimensions, such as the O(2) model and the supersymmetric fixed point with a single chiral…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-12-04 Simeon Hellerman , Domenico Orlando , Susanne Reffert , Masataka Watanabe

In this work, we develop the shadow formalism for two-dimensional Galilean conformal field theory (GCFT$_2$). We define the principal series representation of Galilean conformal symmetry group and find its relation with the Wigner…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-06-02 Bin Chen , Reiko Liu

We give model-independent arguments, valid in nearly any number of spacetime dimensions, that topological solitons and instantons satisfy Bogomol'nyi-type bounds and, when these bounds are saturated, satisfy self-duality equations. In the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-22 Zvonimir Hlousek , Donald Spector

In recent years, the concept of global symmetry has generalized considerably. Two dramatic examples of this generalization are the exotic symmetries that govern theories with fractons and non-invertible symmetries, which do not fuse…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-05-29 Ryan C. Spieler

We investigate higher-order asymptotic symmetries for a $p$-form gauge field in $(p + 2)$-dimensional Minkowski spacetime, where Hodge duality with a scalar holds. Employing symplectic renormalization, we identify $N + 1$ independent…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-02-11 Federico Manzoni , Matteo Romoli

We consider the conformal group of a space of dim n=p+q, with SO(p,q) metric. The quotient of this group by its homogeneous Weyl subgroup gives a principal fiber bundle with 2n-dim base manifold and Weyl fibers. The Cartan generalization to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-05-03 James T Wheeler

We consider the universal sector of a $d$-dimensional large-$N$ strongly-interacting holographic CFT on a black hole spacetime background $B$. When our CFT$_d$ is coupled to dynamical Einstein-Hilbert gravity with Newton constant $G_{d}$,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-06-15 William Bunting , Zicao Fu , Donald Marolf

We present a new perspective on the $p$-string condensation procedure for constructing 3+1D fracton phases by implementing this process via the gauging of higher-form symmetries. Specifically, we show that gauging a 1-form symmetry in 3+1D…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-09-15 Pranay Gorantla , Abhinav Prem , Nathanan Tantivasadakarn , Dominic J. Williamson

We prove automorphic equivalence within gapped phases of infinitely extended lattice fermion systems (as well as spin systems) with super-polynomially decaying interactions. As a simple application, we prove a version of Goldstone's theorem…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-08-08 Lennart Becker , Stefan Teufel , Marius Wesle

We systematically study gapless edge modes corresponding to $\mathbb{Z}_3$ symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases of two-dimensional three-state Potts paramagnets on a triangular lattice. First, we derive microscopic lattice models for…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-02-26 Hrant Topchyan , Vasilii Iugov , Mkhitar Mirumyan , Tigran S. Hakobyan , Tigran A. Sedrakyan , Ara G. Sedrakyan

We study a 4d gauge theory $U(1)^{N-1}\rtimes S_N$ obtained from a $U(1)^{N-1}$ theory by gauging a 0-form symmetry $S_N$. We show that this theory has a global continuous 2-category symmetry, whose structure is particularly rich for $N>2$.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-12-21 Andrea Antinucci , Giovanni Galati , Giovanni Rizi

Resummations of infinite sets of higher-order perturbative contributions are often needed both in thermal field theory and at zero temperature. For instance, the behaviour of the Standard Model (SM) effective potential extrapolated to very…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-08-03 Apostolos Pilaftsis , Daniele Teresi

We study the low-energy dynamics of systems with exact and approximate higher-form symmetries using gauge/gravity duality. These symmetries are realised holographically via Maxwell-type theories for massless and massive $p$-forms in AlAdS…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-10-09 André Oliveira Pinheiro

Topological holography is a conjectured correspondence between the symmetry charges and defects of a $D$-dimensional system with the anyons in a $(D+1)$-dimensional topological order: the symmetry topological field theory (SymTFT).…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-05-01 Rui Wen , Weicheng Ye , Andrew C. Potter

The algebra of linear and quadratic functions of basic observables on the phase space of either the free particle or the harmonic oscillator possesses a finite-dimensional anomaly. The quantization of these systems outside the critical…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-30 M. Calixto , V. Aldaya , J. Guerrero

It was recently argued that certain relativistic theories at finite density can exhibit an unconventional spectrum of Goldstone excitations, with gapped Goldstones whose gap is exactly calculable in terms of the symmetry algebra. We confirm…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-16 Alberto Nicolis , Riccardo Penco , Federico Piazza , Rachel A. Rosen