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Deep learning has been widely used in many fields, but the model training process usually consumes massive computational resources and time. Therefore, designing an efficient neural network training method with a provable convergence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-14 Lianke Qin , Zhao Song , Yuanyuan Yang

Deep learning has exhibited remarkable results across diverse areas. To understand its success, substantial research has been directed towards its theoretical foundations. Nevertheless, the majority of these studies examine how well deep…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-11 Hao Liu , Jiahui Cheng , Wenjing Liao

Activation functions play a decisive role in determining the capacity of Deep Neural Networks as they enable neural networks to capture inherent nonlinearities present in data fed to them. The prior research on activation functions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Jamshaid Ul Rahman , Faiza Makhdoom , Dianchen Lu

In this paper, we focus on the unsupervised setting for structure learning of deep neural networks and propose to adopt the efficient coding principle, rooted in information theory and developed in computational neuroscience, to guide the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-31 Jinhui Yuan , Fei Pan , Chunting Zhou , Tao Qin , Tie-Yan Liu

A deep neural network (DNN) with piecewise linear activations can partition the input space into numerous small linear regions, where different linear functions are fitted. It is believed that the number of these regions represents the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-30 Xiao Zhang , Dongrui Wu

A fully tensorial theoretical framework for hypercomplex-valued neural networks is presented. The proposed approach enables neural network architectures to operate on data defined over arbitrary finite-dimensional algebras. The central…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Agnieszka Niemczynowicz , Radosław Antoni Kycia

In this paper, we establish universal approximation theorems for neural networks applied to general nonlinear ill-posed operator equations. In addition to the approximation error, the measurement error is also taken into account in our…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-11-21 Lan Wang , Qiao Zhu , Bangti Jin , Ye Zhang

Equivariant neural networks have shown improved performance, expressiveness and sample complexity on symmetrical domains. But for some specific symmetries, representations, and choice of coordinates, the most common point-wise activations,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Marco Pacini , Xiaowen Dong , Bruno Lepri , Gabriele Santin

We describe a novel family of models of multi- layer feedforward neural networks in which the activation functions are encoded via penalties in the training problem. Our approach is based on representing a non-decreasing activation function…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-22 Armin Askari , Geoffrey Negiar , Rajiv Sambharya , Laurent El Ghaoui

We prove sharp dimension-free representation results for neural networks with $D$ ReLU layers under square loss for a class of functions $\mathcal{G}_D$ defined in the paper. These results capture the precise benefits of depth in the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-02-23 Guy Bresler , Dheeraj Nagaraj

Cortical neurons are complex, multi-timescale processors wired into recurrent circuits, shaped by long evolutionary pressure under stringent biological constraints. Mainstream machine learning, by contrast, predominantly builds models from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Aaron Spieler , Georg Martius , Anna Levina

Recent work in Deep Learning has re-imagined the representation of data as functions mapping from a coordinate space to an underlying continuous signal. When such functions are approximated by neural networks this introduces a compelling…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-08-09 Jonathan Richard Schwarz , Yee Whye Teh

Deep neural networks can struggle to learn continually in the face of non-stationarity. This phenomenon is known as loss of plasticity. In this paper, we identify underlying principles that lead to plastic algorithms. In particular, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Alex Lewandowski , Dale Schuurmans , Marlos C. Machado

Deep ReLU Networks can be decomposed into a collection of linear models, each defined in a region of a partition of the input space. This paper provides three results extending this theory. First, we extend this linear decompositions to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Mattia Jacopo Villani , Peter McBurney

The large capacity of neural networks enables them to learn complex functions. To avoid overfitting, networks however require a lot of training data that can be expensive and time-consuming to collect. A common practical approach to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-10 Majed El Helou , Frederike Dümbgen , Sabine Süsstrunk

The demand for efficient processing of deep neural networks (DNNs) on embedded devices is a significant challenge limiting their deployment. Exploiting sparsity in the network's feature maps is one of the ways to reduce its inference…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Matteo Grimaldi , Darshan C. Ganji , Ivan Lazarevich , Sudhakar Sah

Nowadays, the number of layers and of neurons in each layer of a deep network are typically set manually. While very deep and wide networks have proven effective in general, they come at a high memory and computation cost, thus making them…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-12 Jose M Alvarez , Mathieu Salzmann

In this paper, we show that, under mild assumptions, input-output behavior of a continous-time recurrent neural network (RNN) can be represented by a rational or polynomial nonlinear system. The assumptions concern the activation function…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-03-19 Thibault Defourneau , Mihaly Petreczky

We study regularized deep neural networks (DNNs) and introduce a convex analytic framework to characterize the structure of the hidden layers. We show that a set of optimal hidden layer weights for a norm regularized DNN training problem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Tolga Ergen , Mert Pilanci

We consider the problem of finding weights and biases for a two-layer fully connected neural network to fit a given set of data points as well as possible, also known as EmpiricalRiskMinimization. Our main result is that the associated…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Daniel Bertschinger , Christoph Hertrich , Paul Jungeblut , Tillmann Miltzow , Simon Weber