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We establish a general statistical optimality theory for estimation problems where the target parameter is a linear functional of an unknown nuisance component that must be estimated from data. This formulation covers many causal and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-06 Jikai Jin , Vasilis Syrgkanis

We consider nonparametric regression with functional covariates, that is, they are elements of an infinite-dimensional Hilbert space. A locally polynomial estimator is constructed, where an orthonormal basis and various tuning parameters…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-04-09 Moritz Jirak , Alois Kneip , Alexander Meister , Mario Pahl

This paper studies a linear model for multidimensional panel data of three or more dimensions with unobserved interactive fixed-effects. The main estimator uses a Neyman-orthogonal approach, and requires two preliminary steps. First, the…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-03-06 Hugo Freeman

The method of instrumental variables provides a fundamental and practical tool for causal inference in many empirical studies where unmeasured confounding between the treatments and the outcome is present. Modern data such as the genetical…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-10-28 Ziang Niu , Yuwen Gu , Wei Li

A nonparanormal graphical model is a semiparametric generalization of a Gaussian graphical model for continuous variables in which it is assumed that the variables follow a Gaussian graphical model only after some unknown smooth monotone…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-02-23 Jami J. Mulgrave , Subhashis Ghosal

The estimation of causal treatment effects from observational data is a fundamental problem in causal inference. To avoid bias, the effect estimator must control for all confounders. Hence practitioners often collect data for as many…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-11-05 Kristjan Greenewald , Dmitriy Katz-Rogozhnikov , Karthik Shanmugam

This work proposes a machine-learning framework for constructing statistical models of errors incurred by approximate solutions to parameterized systems of nonlinear equations. These approximate solutions may arise from early termination of…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2019-02-18 Brian A. Freno , Kevin T. Carlberg

Consider the problem of estimating the local average treatment effect with an instrument variable, where the instrument unconfoundedness holds after adjusting for a set of measured covariates. Several unknown functions of the covariates…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-09-22 Baoluo Sun , Zhiqiang Tan

Unsupervised and self-supervised learning approaches have become a crucial tool to learn representations for downstream prediction tasks. While these approaches are widely used in practice and achieve impressive empirical gains, their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Siddhant Garg , Yingyu Liang

It has been observed that the performances of many high-dimensional estimation problems are universal with respect to underlying sensing (or design) matrices. Specifically, matrices with markedly different constructions seem to achieve…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-24 Rishabh Dudeja , Subhabrata Sen , Yue M. Lu

Estimators of doubly robust functionals typically rely on estimating two complex nuisance functions, such as the propensity score and conditional outcome mean for the average treatment effect functional. We consider the problem of how to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Sean McGrath , Rajarshi Mukherjee

This study proves that Nearest Neighbor (NN) matching can be interpreted as an instance of Riesz regression for automatic debiased machine learning. Lin et al. (2023) shows that NN matching is an instance of density-ratio estimation with…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-10-29 Masahiro Kato

We provide general adaptive upper bounds for estimating nonparametric functionals based on second order U-statistics arising from finite dimensional approximation of the infinite dimensional models. We then provide examples of functionals…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-06-07 Lin Liu , Rajarshi Mukherjee , James Robins , Eric Tchetgen Tchetgen

We study nonparametric covariance function estimation for functional data observed with noise at discrete locations on a $d$-dimensional domain. Estimating the covariance function from discretely observed data is a challenging nonparametric…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-25 Yoshikazu Terada , Atsutomo Yara

Estimation and inference of treatment effects under unconfounded treatment assignments often suffer from bias and the `curse of dimensionality' due to the nonparametric estimation of nuisance parameters for high-dimensional confounders.…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-08 Zeqi Wu , Meilin Wang , Wei Huang , Zheng Zhang

Under the Neyman causal model, it is well-known that OLS with treatment-by-covariate interactions cannot harm asymptotic precision of estimated treatment effects in completely randomized experiments. But do such guarantees extend to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-03-19 Joel A. Middleton

We analyze gradient descent with randomly weighted data points in a linear regression model, under a generic weighting distribution. This includes various forms of stochastic gradient descent, importance sampling, but also extends to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-12 Gabriel Clara , Yazan Mash'al

We introduce a flexible framework for making inferences about general linear forms of a large matrix based on noisy observations of a subset of its entries. In particular, under mild regularity conditions, we develop a universal procedure…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-06-12 Dong Xia , Ming Yuan

Regression models with both high-dimensional responses and covariates have attracted growing attention. Standard multivariate regression models become inadequate when the response variables depend not only on observed covariates but also on…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-01 Jing Ouyang , Chengyu Cui , Yunxiao Chen , Kean Ming Tan , Gongjun Xu

This paper studies the identification and estimation of weighted average derivatives of conditional location functionals including conditional mean and conditional quantiles in settings where either the outcome variable or a regressor is…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-12-24 Hiroaki Kaido