Related papers: A gauge-invariant reversible cellular automaton
A method for incorporating electromagnetic fields into empirical tight-binding theory is derived from the principle of local gauge symmetry. Gauge invariance is shown to be incompatible with empirical tight-binding theory unless a…
We exhibit a Probabilistic Cellular Automaton (PCA) on the integers with an alphabet and a neighborhood of size 2 which is non-ergodic although it has a unique invariant measure. This answers by the negative an old open question on whether…
Discretizations of continuum theories often do not preserve the gauge symmetry content. This occurs in particular for diffeomorphism symmetry in general relativity, which leads to severe difficulties both in canonical and covariant…
We introduce a new framework for constructing topological quantum memories, by recasting error recovery as a dynamical process on a field generating cellular automaton. We envisage quantum systems controlled by a classical hardware composed…
Number-conserving (or {\em conservative}) cellular automata have been used in several contexts, in particular traffic models, where it is natural to think about them as systems of interacting particles. In this article we consider several…
Gauging a symmetry can be thought of as the insertion of a spacetime-filling defect. Accordingly, we regard each gaugeable symmetry in a theory as defining a $-1$-form symmetry via condensation. The resulting operators, called gauge…
For gauge theory, the matrix element for any physical process is independent of the gauge used. Since this is a formal statement and examples are known where gauge invariance is violated, for any specific process this gauge invariance needs…
Soon after the Yang-Mills work, the gauge invariance became one of the basic principles in the elementary particles theory. The gauge invariance idea is that Lagrangian has to be invariant not only with respect to the coordinates…
We derive a relation between four-fermion QED Green functions of different covariant gauges which defines the gauge dependence completely. We use the derived gauge dependence to check the gauge invariance of atom-like bound state…
We give new sufficient ergodicity conditions for two-state probabilistic cellular automata (PCA) of any dimension and any radius. The proof of this result is based on an extended version of the duality concept. Under these assumptions, in…
We investigate a proposal for the construction of models with chiral fermions on the lattice using staggered fermions. In this approach the gauge invariance is broken by the coupling of the staggered fermions to the gauge fields. We aim at…
Cellular automata can show well known features of quantum mechanics, such as a linear updating rule that resembles a discretized form of the Schr\"odinger equation together with its conservation laws. Surprisingly, a whole class of…
Take a cellular automaton, consider that each configuration is a basis vector in some vector space, and linearize the global evolution function. If lucky, the r esult could actually make sense physically, as a valid quantum evolution; but…
We perform a general computation of the off-shell one-loop divergences in Einstein gravity, in a two-parameter family of path integral measures, corresponding to different ways of parametrizing the graviton field, and a two-parameter family…
An algorithm is described to convert Lorentz and gauge invariant expressions in non--Abelian gauge theories with matter into a standard form, consisting of a linear combination of basis invariants. This algorithm is needed for computer…
Cellular automata represent physical systems where both space and time are discrete, and the associated physical quantities assume a limited set of values. While previous research has applied cellular automata in modeling chemical,…
Cellular automata with memory (CAM) are widely used in fields such as image processing, pattern recognition, simulation, and cryptography. The invertibility of CAM is generally considered to be chaotic. Paper [Invertible behavior in…
In this review, the fundamental concepts of group theory and representation theory are introduced. Special emphasis is placed on the unitary irreducible representations of the $SU(N)$ Lie group, the Poincare group, Little Group, discrete…
We identify a recently proposed shifting operation on classical phase space as a gauge transformation for statistical mechanical microstates. The infinitesimal generators of the continuous gauge group form a non-commutative Lie algebra,…
We describe a class of cellular automata (CAs) that are end-to-end differentiable. DCAs interpolate the behavior of ordinary CAs through rules that act on distributions of states. The gradient of a DCA with respect to its parameters can be…