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We introduce an information heat engine that is autonomous (i.e., without any time-dependent parameter) but has separated measurement and feedback processes. This model serves as a bridge between the other types of information heat engines…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-04-24 Naoto Shiraishi , Sosuke Ito , Kyogo Kawaguchi , Takahiro Sagawa

The long-standing paradigm of Maxwell's demon is till nowadays a frequently investigated issue, which still provides interesting insights into basic physical questions. Considering a single-electron transistor, where we implement a Maxwell…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-08 G. Engelhardt , G. Schaller

We study trade-off relations in information extraction from quantum systems subject to null-result weak measurements, where the absence of a detected photon continuously updates the system state. We present a detailed analysis of qubit and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-15 Luis D. Zambrano Palma , Yusef Maleki , M. Suhail Zubairy

Quantum information processing and computation requires high accuracy qubit configuration readout. In many practical schemes, the initial qubit configuration has to be inferred from readout that is a time-dependent weak measurement record.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-17 Cesar Lema , Aleix Bou-Comas , Atithi Acharya , Vadim Oganesyan , Anirvan Sengupta

Recent advances in experimental techniques allow one to measure and control systems at the level of single molecules and atoms. Here gaining information about fluctuating thermodynamic quantities is crucial for understanding nonequilibrium…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-05-01 Ken Funo , Masahito Ueda , Takahiro Sagawa

Recently, in a letter to Nature, del Rio et al.8 exploited the quantum viewpoint of the old but well-known thought experiment of Maxwell's demon, a tiny "man-machine" that processes only a single unit of information. In their work, they…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-01-21 Alexandre de Castro

According to Landauer's principle, erasure of information is the only part of a computation process that unavoidably involves energy dissipation. If done reversibly, such an erasure generates the minimal heat of $k_BT\ln 2$ per erased bit…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-01-20 Dmitri V. Averin , Jukka P. Pekola

Quantum operations provide a general description of the state changes allowed by quantum mechanics. The reversal of quantum operations is important for quantum error-correcting codes, teleportation, and reversing quantum measurements. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 M. A. Nielsen , Carlton M. Caves , Benjamin Schumacher , Howard Barnum

It is demonstrated that Maxwell's demon can be used to allow a machine to extract energy from a heat bath by use of information that is processed by the demon at a remote location. The model proposed here effectively replaces transmission…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-06-06 S. Hossenfelder

We revisit quantum Maxwell demon in thermodynamic feedback cycle in the steady-state regime. We derive a generalized version of the Clausius inequality for a finite-time steady feedback cycle with a single heat bath. It is shown to be…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-09-08 Kenta Koshihara , Kazuya Yuasa

We describe a minimal model of an autonomous Maxwell demon, a device that delivers work by rectifying thermal fluctuations while simultaneously writing information to a memory register. We solve exactly for the steady-state behavior of our…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2012-08-10 Dibyendu Mandal , Christopher Jarzynski

In his famous letter in 1870, Maxwell describes how Joule's law can be violated "only by the intelligent action of a mere guiding agent", later coined as Maxwell's demon by Lord Kelvin. In this letter we study thermodynamics of information…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-12-29 Aki Kutvonen , Jonne Koski , Tapio Ala-Nissilä

To induce transport, detailed balance must be broken. A common mechanism is to bias the dynamics with a thermodynamic fuel, such as chemical energy. An intriguing, alternative strategy is for a Maxwell demon to effect the bias using…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-11 Jordan M. Horowitz , Takahiro Sagawa , Juan M. R. Parrondo

Continuous quantum measurement and feedback induce energy exchange between a dissipative qubit and a monitor even in the steady state, as a measurement backaction. Using the Lindblad equation, we identified the maximum and minimum values of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-11 Tsuyoshi Yamamoto , Yasuhiro Tokura

In this theoretical study, we determine the maximum amount of work extractable in finite time by a demon performing continuous measurements on a quadratic Hamiltonian system subjected to thermal fluctuations, in terms of the information…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-10-21 Henrik Sandberg , Jean-Charles Delvenne , Nigel J. Newton , Sanjoy K. Mitter

Recent progress in manipulating individual quantum systems enables the exploration of engines exploiting non-classical resources. One of the most appealing is the energy provided by the inherent backaction of quantum measurements. While a…

Measuring a quantum system can randomly perturb its state. The strength and nature of this back-action depends on the quantity which is measured. In a partial measurement performed by an ideal apparatus, quantum physics predicts that the…

I study an autonomous quantum Maxwell's demon based on two exchange-coupled quantum dots attached to the spin-polarized leads. The principle of operation of the demon is based on the coherent oscillations between the spin states of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-01-24 Krzysztof Ptaszynski

The trade-off between the information gain and the state disturbance is derived for quantum operations on a single qubit prepared in a uniformly distributed pure state. The derivation is valid for a class of measures quantifying the state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Konrad Banaszek

Adiabatic measurements, followed by feedback and erasure protocols, have often been considered as a model to embody Maxwell's Demon paradox and to study the interplay between thermodynamics and information processing. Such studies have led…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-11 Shintaro Minagawa , M. Hamed Mohammady , Kenta Sakai , Kohtaro Kato , Francesco Buscemi