Related papers: The generation of warm dense matter using a magnet…
Earth's geodynamo has operated for over 3.5 billion years. The magnetic field is currently powered by thermocompositional convection in the outer core, which involves the release of light elements and latent heat as the inner core…
Here we summarize our recent results of high-resolution computer simulations on the turbulent amplification of weak magnetic seed fields showing that such fields will be exponentially amplified also during the gravitational collapse…
All presently known stellar-dynamical constraints on the size and mass of the supermassive compact dark object at the Galactic center are consistent with a ball of self-gravitating, nearly non-interacting, degenerate fermions with mass…
Dark matter constitutes the great majority of the matter content in the Universe, but its microscopic nature remains an intriguing mystery, with profound implications for particle physics, astrophysics and cosmology. Here we shed light on…
Recent observations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) have extended the measured power spectrum to higher multipoles $l\gtrsim$1000, and there appears to be possible evidence for excess power on small angular scales. The primordial…
We have used the hydrodynamical AMR code ENZO to investigate the dynamical evolution of the gas at the centre of dark matter haloes with virial velocities of ~ 20 - 30 kms and virial temperatures of ~ 13000-30000 K at z ~ 15 in a…
The loss of magnetic pressure accompanying the decay of the magnetic field in a magnetar may trigger exothermic electron captures by nuclei in the shallow layers of the stellar crust. Very accurate analytical formulas are obtained for the…
Ultrahigh-intensity lasers (10$^{18}$-10$^{22}$W/cm$^{2}$) have opened up new perspectives in many fields of research and application [1-5]. By irradiating a thin foil, an ultrahigh accelerating field (10$^{12}$ V/m) can be formed and…
We simulate numerically convection in a rectangular cell filled with an ideal gas rotating about an axis perpendicular to the direction of gravity. This configuration corresponds to an experiment with a convection cell placed in a rapidly…
The warm-hot intergalactic medium (warm-hot IGM, or WHIM) pervades the filaments of the Cosmic Web and harbours half of the Universe's baryons. The WHIM's thermodynamic properties are notoriously hard to measure. Here we estimate a galaxy…
High redshift quasars emit copious X-ray photons which heat the intergalactic medium to temperatures up to $\sim$ 10$^6$ K. At such high temperatures the primordial gas will not form stars until it is assembled into dark matter haloes with…
To constrain the properties of dark matter (DM) that interacts with nucleons, we have conducted an experimental search for any anomalous heating of ordinary baryonic matter at 77 K. Our tabletop experiment is motivated by the possibility…
The chemical evolution of nascent quark matter core in a newborn compact neutron star is studied in presence of a strong magnetic field. The effective rate of strange quark production in degenerate quark matter core in presence of strong…
Using ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, we calculate the physical properties of MgO at conditions extending from the ones encountered in the Earth mantle up to the ones anticipated in giant planet interiors such as Jupiter. We pay…
We used a thermal model of an iron core to calculate magnetodynamo evolution in Earth-mass rocky planets to determine the sensitivity of dynamo lifetime and intensity to planets with different mantle tectonic regimes, surface temperatures,…
Pulsar magnetospheres admit non-stationary vacuum gaps that are characterized by non-vanishing ${\bf{E}} \cdot {\bf{B}}$. The vacuum gaps play an important role in plasma production and electromagnetic wave emission. We show that these gaps…
Fusion research on magnetic confinement is confronted with a severe problem concerning the electron densities ne to be used in fusion devices. Indeed, high densities are mandatory for obtaining large efficiencies, whereas it is empirically…
Cool stars at giant and supergiant evolutionary phases present low velocity and high density winds, responsible for the observed high mass-loss rates. Although presenting high luminosities, radiation pressure on dust particles is not…
This contribution discusses challenges in the modeling of formation of the warm dense matter (WDM) state in solids exposed to femtosecond X-ray free-electron laser pulses. It is based upon our previously reported code XTANT (X-ray-induced…
Particle-in-cell simulations are used to investigate the formation of magnetic fields, B, in plasmas with perpendicular electron density and temperature gradients. For system sizes, L, comparable to the ion skin depth, d_i, it is shown that…