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Structured beams carrying topological defects, namely phase and Stokes singularities, have gained extensive interest in numerous areas of optics. The non-separable spin and orbital angular momentum states of hybridly polarized Stokes…

We review the tools and procedures for the analysis of the data collected by X-ray photoelectric gas polarimeters, like the ones on-board the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE). Although many of such tools are in principle common…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-05 Fabio Muleri

As a classic statistical model of 3D facial shape and texture, 3D Morphable Model (3DMM) is widely used in facial analysis, e.g., model fitting, image synthesis. Conventional 3DMM is learned from a set of well-controlled 2D face images with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-28 Luan Tran , Xiaoming Liu

The polarization of light is a critically under-utilized, rich source of information in astronomy. For stars in particular, surface magnetism polarization that can be detected and measured with spectro-polarimetry. Many questions about…

The three axis magnetic field measurement based on the interaction of a single elliptically polarized light beam with an atomic system is described. The magnetic field direction dependent atomic responses are extracted by the polarimetric…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2016-09-21 Swarupananda Pradhan

In Polarization Discrimination Imaging, the amplitude of a sinusoid from a rotating analyzer, representing residual polarized light and carrying information on the object, is detected with the help of a lock-in amplifier. When turbidity…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-11-05 Samudra Dasgupta , Jithun Nair , Shauryadipta Sarkar , Ram Mohan Vasu , Gargeshwari Venkatasubbiah Anand

The Stokes formalism of polarization physics has astounding structural parallels with the formalism used for relativity theory in Minkowski spacetime. The structure and symmetry properties of the Mueller matrices are the same as those for…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-15 Jan Stenflo

Polarization observables in inclusive and exclusive electrodisintegration of the deuteron using a polarized beam and an oriented target are systematically surveyed using the standard nonrelativistic framework of nuclear theory but with…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Hartmuth Arenhövel , Winfried Leidemann , Edward L. Tomusiak

As a basic optical element, circular polarizer plays significant roles in signal transmission, measurements and life science microscopy. Three-dimensional (3D) chiral structures have been thought to be necessary to realize circular…

We demonstrate that the multipoles associated with the density matrix are truly observable quantities that can be unambiguously determined from intensity moments. Given their correct transformation properties, these multipoles are the…

A proper set of indices characterizing the polarimetric purity of light and material media is defined from the eigenvalues of the corresponding coherency matrix. A simple and generalizable relation of these indices with the current…

Optics · Physics 2014-08-05 I. San Jose , J. J. Gil

The polarization tensor of graphene derived in the framework of the Dirac model using the methods of thermal quantum field theory in (2+1) dimensions is recast in a mathematically equivalent but more compact and convenient in computations…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-20 G. L. Klimchitskaya , C. C. Korikov , V. M. Mostepanenko

The superposition of complex optical fields in three-dimension (3D) is the basis of several non-trivial wave phenomena. Significant among them are the non-uniform polarization distribution and their topological character, leading to the…

Optics · Physics 2024-10-01 Nitish Kumar , Cyriac Raju , Dinesh N. Naik , Nirmal K. Viswanathan

Optical fibers constitute an attractive platform for the realization of nonlinear and quantum optics processes. Here we show, through theoretical considerations, how polarization effects of both third-order parametric down-conversion and…

Optics · Physics 2024-10-18 Carla M. Brunner , Nicolas Y. Joly

This article introduces quaternion non-negative matrix factorization (QNMF), which generalizes the usual non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) to the case of polarized signals. Polarization information is represented by Stokes parameters,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-24 Julien Flamant , Sebastian Miron , David Brie

We obtain theoretically the phonon-polariton spectrum in nonlinear dielectric medium with the third order Kerr-type nonlinearity. We investigate the dependence of number of the polariton spectrum branches on the intensity of electromagnetic…

Optics · Physics 2015-06-12 Igor V. Dzedolik , O. Karakchieva

Linear (spectro) polarimetry is usually performed using separate photon flux measurements after spatial or temporal polarization modulation. Such classical polarimeters are limited in sensitivity and accuracy by systematic effects and…

Optics · Physics 2010-05-28 Frans Snik , Theodora Karalidi , Christoph U. Keller

Information on the polarization properties of scattered light from plasmonic systems are of paramount importance due to fundamental interest and potential applications. However, such studies are severely compromised due to the experimental…

Providing quantitative interpretation of coherent nonlinear microscopy images, such as third-harmonic generation (THG), is generally hampered by the complex phase-matching conditions, especially in the presence of sample linear…

Optics · Physics 2026-03-09 Mohammad Reza Farhadinia , Nicolas Olivier

Stokes polarimetry is widely used to extract the polarisation structure of optical fields, typically from six measurements, although it can be extracted from only four. To measure the required intensities, most approaches are based on…