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In Member Inference (MI) attacks, the adversary try to determine whether an instance is used to train a machine learning (ML) model. MI attacks are a major privacy concern when using private data to train ML models. Most MI attacks in the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Jiacheng Li , Ninghui Li , Bruno Ribeiro

Membership inference attacks (MIA) attempt to verify the membership of a given data sample in the training set for a model. MIA has become relevant in recent years, following the rapid development of large language models (LLM). Many are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Haritz Puerto , Martin Gubri , Sangdoo Yun , Seong Joon Oh

An over-the-air membership inference attack (MIA) is presented to leak private information from a wireless signal classifier. Machine learning (ML) provides powerful means to classify wireless signals, e.g., for PHY-layer authentication. As…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Yi Shi , Yalin E. Sagduyu

In a membership inference attack (MIA), an attacker exploits the overconfidence exhibited by typical machine learning models to determine whether a specific data point was used to train a target model. In this paper, we analyze the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Meiyi Zhu , Caili Guo , Chunyan Feng , Osvaldo Simeone

Determining which data samples were used to train a model, known as Membership Inference Attack (MIA), is a well-studied and important problem with implications on data privacy. SotA methods (which are black-box attacks) rely on training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Yuval Golbari , Navve Wasserman , Gal Vardi , Michal Irani

Machine learning (ML) models are vulnerable to membership inference attacks (MIAs), which determine whether a given input is used for training the target model. While there have been many efforts to mitigate MIAs, they often suffer from…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Zitao Chen , Karthik Pattabiraman

With the emergence of powerful large-scale foundation models, the training paradigm is increasingly shifting from from-scratch training to transfer learning. This enables high utility training with small, domain-specific datasets typical in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Yuxuan Bai , Gauri Pradhan , Marlon Tobaben , Antti Honkela

Membership inference (MI) attacks exploit the fact that machine learning algorithms sometimes leak information about their training data through the learned model. In this work, we study membership inference in the white-box setting in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-26 Klas Leino , Matt Fredrikson

Cognitive diagnosis models (CDMs) are pivotal for creating fine-grained learner profiles in modern intelligent education platforms. However, these models are trained on sensitive student data, raising significant privacy concerns. While…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Mingliang Hou , Yinuo Wang , Teng Guo , Zitao Liu , Wenzhou Dou , Jiaqi Zheng , Renqiang Luo , Mi Tian , Weiqi Luo

Safety classifiers are essential safeguards within generative AI systems, filtering harmful content or identifying at-risk users when interacting with large language models. Despite their necessity, these models are trained on sensitive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Anthony Hughes , Alexander Goldberg , Prince Jha , Adam Perer , Nikolaos Aletras , Niloofar Mireshghallah

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) on diffusion models have emerged as potential evidence of unauthorized data usage in training pre-trained diffusion models. These attacks aim to detect the presence of specific images in training datasets…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Chumeng Liang , Jiaxuan You

Among all privacy attacks against Machine Learning (ML), membership inference attacks (MIA) attracted the most attention. In these attacks, the attacker is given an ML model and a data point, and they must infer whether the data point was…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Bram van Dartel , Marc Damie , Florian Hahn

Analyzing time-series data that contains personal information, particularly in the medical field, presents serious privacy concerns. Sensitive health data from patients is often used to train machine learning models for diagnostics and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Noam Koren , Abigail Goldsteen , Guy Amit , Ariel Farkash

Previous studies have developed fairness methods for biased models that exhibit discriminatory behaviors towards specific subgroups. While these models have shown promise in achieving fair predictions, recent research has identified their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Huan Tian , Guangsheng Zhang , Bo Liu , Tianqing Zhu , Ming Ding , Wanlei Zhou

The membership inference attack (MIA) is a popular paradigm for compromising the privacy of a machine learning (ML) model. MIA exploits the natural inclination of ML models to overfit upon the training data. MIAs are trained to distinguish…

The increasing prominence of deep learning applications and reliance on personalized data underscore the urgent need to address privacy vulnerabilities, particularly Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs). Despite numerous MIA studies,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Chenxi Li , Abhinav Kumar , Zhen Guo , Jie Hou , Reza Tourani

Deep learning models have an intrinsic privacy issue as they memorize parts of their training data, creating a privacy leakage. Membership Inference Attacks (MIA) exploit it to obtain confidential information about the data used for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Daniel Jiménez-López , Nuria Rodríguez-Barroso , M. Victoria Luzón , Francisco Herrera

While Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) are the prevailing method for identifying training data, their application has expanded into privacy auditing and machine unlearning. Nevertheless, the field lacks a systematic framework for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Ding Chen , Xinwen Cheng , Xuyang Zhong , Xinping Chen , Xiaolin Huang , Chen Liu

Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) on pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) aim at determining if a data point was part of the model's training set. Prior MIAs that are built for classification models fail at LLMs, due to ignoring the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Hongyan Chang , Ali Shahin Shamsabadi , Kleomenis Katevas , Hamed Haddadi , Reza Shokri

Machine learning models can inadvertently expose confidential properties of their training data, making them vulnerable to membership inference attacks (MIA). While numerous evaluation methods exist, many require computationally expensive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Richard J. Preen , Jim Smith