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The definition of a reference frame in General Relativity is achieved through the construction of a congruence of time-like world-lines. In this framework, splitting techniques enable us to express physical phenomena in analogy with Special…

General Physics · Physics 2026-05-13 Matteo Luca Ruggiero

We introduce a relativistic splitting structure as a means to map fields and equations of electromagnetism from curved four-dimensional space-time to three-dimensional observer's space. We focus on a minimal set of mathematical structures…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-11-05 Bernhard Auchmann , Stefan Kurz

Physical foundations for relativistic spacetimes are revisited, in order to check at what extent Finsler spacetimes lie in their framework. Arguments based on inertial observers (as in the foundations of Special Relativity and Classical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-04-21 Antonio Bernal , Miguel Ángel Javaloyes , Miguel Sánchez

In this pedagogical article, we explore a powerful language for describing the notion of spacetime and particle dynamics intrinsic to a given fundamental physical theory, focusing on special relativity and its Newtonian limit. The starting…

Classical Physics · Physics 2021-12-17 Otto C. W. Kong , Jason Payne

Minkowski space serves as a framework for the theoretical constructions that deal with manifestations of relativistic effects in physical phenomena. But neither Minkowski himself nor the subsequent developers of the relativity theory have…

General Physics · Physics 2019-01-17 Serge Wagner

In this work, we use real quaternions and the basic concept of the final speed of light in an attempt to enhance the standard description of special relativity. First, we demonstrate that it is possible to introduce a quaternion time domain…

General Physics · Physics 2018-01-11 Viktor Ariel

We present a novel derivation of both the Minkowski metric and Lorentz transformations from the consistent quantification of a causally ordered set of events with respect to an embedded observer. Unlike past derivations, which have relied…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-12-22 Kevin H. Knuth , Newshaw Bahreyni

After a review of the existing theory of non-inertial frames and mathematical observers in Minkowski space-time we give the explicit expression of a family of such frames obtained from the inertial ones by means of point-dependent Lorentz…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-20 Horace W. Crater , Luca Lusanna

In this work, we use the concept of quaternion time and demonstrate that it can be applied for description of four-dimensional space-time intervals. We demonstrate that the quaternion time interval together with the finite speed of light…

General Physics · Physics 2021-06-14 Viktor Ariel

We give a critical analysis of the conceptual foundations of special relativity. We formulate a simple operational criterion for distinguishing between noninertial and inertial frames which is introduced prior to geometry. We associate the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-06-30 Andrew E. Chubykalo , Augusto Espinoza , B. P. Kosyakov

For over a century Minkowskian spacetime has dominated discussions of space contraction and time dilation within special relativity. Brown and Pooley have called into question both the assumptions of Minkowski and the effects his presumed…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2016-12-06 Paul A. Klevgard

Space-time intervals corresponding to different events on the worldline of any ponderable object (for example a clock) are time-like. In consequence, in the analysis of any space-time experiment involving clocks only the region for $c\Delta…

General Physics · Physics 2016-10-27 J. H. Field

A simple general relativity theory for objects moving in gravitational fields is developed based on studying the behavior of an atom in a gravitational field. The theory is applied to calculate the satellite time dilation, light deflection…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Yehea I. Ismail

The Einsteinian Theory of Gravitation ("General Theory of Relativity") is founded essentially; on the reception that the geometrical properties of the 4-dimensional space-time continuum are defined from the matter in it. Contrary to this,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Michael Mattes

The Einstein theories of space-time and gravity as well the stander cosmology are reconstructed thoroughly in this paper based on flat reference frame. The rational parts of the Einstein theories are reserved while the irrational parts…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Mei Xiaochun

The Einstein theories of space-time and gravity as well the stander cosmology are reconstructed thoroughly in this paper based on flat reference frame. The rational parts of the Einstein theories are reserved while the irrational parts…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Mei Xiaochun

I provide a prescription to define space, at a given moment, for an arbitrary observer in an arbitrary (sufficiently regular) curved space-time. This prescription, based on synchronicity (simultaneity) arguments, defines a foliation of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 M. Lachièze-Rey

Relying on the equivalence principle, a first approach of the general theory of relativity is presented using the spacetime metric of an observer with a constant proper acceleration. Within this non inertial frame, the equation of motion of…

Physics Education · Physics 2007-05-23 Claude Semay

The space-time length R between a moving source and the observation point is calculated in order to substitute with it the spatial distance D, normally used in the Newton's law of gravitation, as well as in any inverse-square-law.…

General Physics · Physics 2016-09-21 Giuseppina Modestino

The special theory of relativity has fundamentally changed our views of space and time. The relativity of simultaneity in particular, and the theory of relativity as a whole, still presents significant difficulty for beginners in the…

Classical Physics · Physics 2022-10-27 Abdaljalel Alizzi , Abhijit Sen , Zurab K. Silagadze
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