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We address the critical issue of biased algorithms and unfair rankings, which have permeated various sectors, including search engines, recommendation systems, and workforce management. These biases can lead to discriminatory outcomes in a…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Chiara Criscuolo , Davide Martinenghi , Giuseppe Piccirillo

Machine learning is being integrated into a growing number of critical systems with far-reaching impacts on society. Unexpected behaviour and unfair decision processes are coming under increasing scrutiny due to this widespread use and its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-02 Pieter Delobelle , Paul Temple , Gilles Perrouin , Benoît Frénay , Patrick Heymans , Bettina Berendt

Effective machine learning models can automatically learn useful information from a large quantity of data and provide decisions in a high accuracy. These models may, however, lead to unfair predictions in certain sense among the population…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-19 Mingliang Chen , Min Wu

Early studies of risk assessment algorithms used in criminal justice revealed widespread racial biases. In response, machine learning researchers have developed methods for fairness, many of which rely on equalizing empirical metrics across…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-09-15 Rajiv Movva

Machine learning algorithms permeate the day-to-day aspects of our lives and therefore studying the fairness of these algorithms before implementation is crucial. One way in which bias can manifest in a dataset is through missing values.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-23 Aeysha Bhatti , Trudie Sandrock , Johane Nienkemper-Swanepoel

Fairness in algorithmic decision-making processes is attracting increasing concern. When an algorithm is applied to human-related decision-making an estimator solely optimizing its predictive power can learn biases on the existing data,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-06-14 Junpei Komiyama , Hajime Shimao

Fairness-aware learning aims to mitigate discrimination against specific protected social groups (e.g., those categorized by gender, ethnicity, age) while minimizing predictive performance loss. Despite efforts to improve fairness in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Kewen Peng , Yicheng Yang , Hao Zhuo

The importance of incorporating ethics and legal compliance into machine-assisted decision-making is broadly recognized. Further, several lines of recent work have argued that critical opportunities for improving data quality and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Sebastian Schelter , Yuxuan He , Jatin Khilnani , Julia Stoyanovich

The importance of algorithmic fairness grows with the increasing impact machine learning has on people's lives. Recent work on fairness metrics shows the need for causal reasoning in fairness constraints. In this work, a practical method…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-26 Rik Helwegen , Christos Louizos , Patrick Forré

Trustworthy machine learning in healthcare requires strong predictive performance, fairness, and explanations. While it is known that improving fairness can affect predictive performance, little is known about how fairness improvements…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Joshua Wolff Anderson , Shyam Visweswaran

In the machine learning ecosystem, hardware selection is often regarded as a mere utility, overshadowed by the spotlight on algorithms and data. This oversight is particularly problematic in contexts like ML-as-a-service platforms, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Sree Harsha Nelaturu , Nishaanth Kanna Ravichandran , Cuong Tran , Sara Hooker , Ferdinando Fioretto

Algorithmic fairness in recommender systems requires close attention to the needs of a diverse set of stakeholders that may have competing interests. Previous work in this area has often been limited by fixed, single-objective definitions…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Amanda Aird , Elena Štefancová , Cassidy All , Amy Voida , Martin Homola , Nicholas Mattei , Robin Burke

Machine Learning (ML) systems are increasingly used to support decision-making processes that affect individuals. However, these systems often rely on biased data, which can lead to unfair outcomes against specific groups. With the growing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Joana Simões , João Correia

Causal machine learning methods which flexibly generate heterogeneous treatment effect estimates could be very useful tools for governments trying to make and implement policy. However, as the critical artificial intelligence literature has…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-09-06 Patrick Rehill , Nicholas Biddle

Algorithm fairness has become a central problem for the broad adoption of artificial intelligence. Although the past decade has witnessed an explosion of excellent work studying algorithm biases, achieving fairness in real-world AI…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-06 James Enouen , Tianshu Sun , Yan Liu

Fairness in artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) models is becoming critically important, especially as decisions made by these systems impact diverse groups. In education, a vital sector for all countries, the widespread…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Nga Pham , Minh Kha Do , Tran Vu Dai , Pham Ngoc Hung , Anh Nguyen-Duc

As algorithmic prediction systems have become widespread, fears that these systems may inadvertently discriminate against members of underrepresented populations have grown. With the goal of understanding fundamental principles that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-02 Sumegha Garg , Michael P. Kim , Omer Reingold

The concern about hidden discrimination in machine learning models is growing, as their widespread real-world applications increasingly impact human lives. Various techniques, including commonly used group fairness measures and several…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Yijun Bian

Machine learning (ML) is increasingly used in high-stakes settings, yet multiplicity - the existence of multiple good models - means that some predictions are essentially arbitrary. ML researchers and philosophers posit that multiplicity…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Anna P. Meyer , Yea-Seul Kim , Aws Albarghouthi , Loris D'Antoni

The widespread integration of Machine Learning systems in daily life, particularly in high-stakes domains, has raised concerns about the fairness implications. While prior works have investigated static fairness measures, recent studies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Usman Gohar , Zeyu Tang , Jialu Wang , Kun Zhang , Peter L. Spirtes , Yang Liu , Lu Cheng