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We consider the use of the energy density for describing a localization of relativistic particles. This method is consistent with the causality requirements. The related positive operator valued measure is presented. The probability…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Daniel R. Terno

The relativistic problem of spinless particle subject to a Kratzer potential is analyzed. Bound state solutions for the s-wave are found by separating the Klein-Gordon equation in two parts, unlike the similar works in the literature, which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 M. Kocak

For an electron, a spin-1/2 particle, the spin charge $\mathbf{s}$, a real pseudovector with constant length, could determine the spin polarization properties in quantum mechanics. Since spin density $\rho_{\mathbf{s}}$ could be expressed…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-04-28 Xiang Zhou , Zhenyu Zhang , Cheng-Zheng Hu

We find the probability density function $\mathcal{P}(V_{\texttt{r}})$ of the relativistic relative velocity for two colliding particles in a non-degenerate relativistic gas. The distribution reduces to Maxwell distribution for the relative…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-06-02 M. Cannoni

We identify momentum/helicity probability amplitudes for the photon and find their relativistic transformation properties. We also find their behaviour under space inversion and time reversal. The discussion begins with a review of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-04-06 Scott E. Hoffmann

The covariant Klein-Gordon equation requires twice the boundary conditions of the Schrodinger equation and does not have an accepted single-particle interpretation. Instead of interpreting its solution as a probability wave determined by an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-18 K. B. Wharton

Localization of relativistic particles and their position-momentum uncertainty relations are not yet fully understood. We discuss two schemes of photon localization that are based on the energy density. One scheme produces a positive…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-04-29 Daniel R. Terno

This brief paper develops a probability density that models processes for which the physical mechanism is unknown. It has desirable properties which are not realized by densities derived from Gaussian process or other classic methods. In…

General Physics · Physics 2011-04-21 Steven C. Gustafson , Adam C. Hillier

The density of states for the Schroedinger equation with a Gaussian random potential is calculated in a space of dimension d=4-epsilon in the entire energy range including the vicinity of a mobility edge. Leading terms in 1/epsilon are…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2008-02-03 I. M. Suslov

We discuss general positivity conditions necessary for a definition of a relativistic diffusion on the phase space. We show that Lorentz covariant random vector fields on the forward cone $p^{2}\geq 0$ lead to a definition of a generator of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2012-05-08 Z. Haba

We derive an explicit manifestly covariant expression for the most general positive-definite and Lorentz-invariant inner product on the space of solutions of the Klein-Gordon equation. This expression involves a one-parameter family of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 A. Mostafazadeh , F. Zamani

The significance of the de Broglie-Bohm hidden-particle position in the relativistic regime is addressed, seeking connection to the (orthodox) single-particle Newton-Wigner position. The effect of non-positive excursions of the ensemble…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-27 David L. Bartley

We develop the most probable wave functions for a single free quantum particle given its momentum and energy by imposing its quantum probability density to maximize Shannon information entropy. We show that there is a class of solutions in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Agung Budiyono

The wave equation for spinless particles with the Lorentz violating term is considered. We formulate the third-order in derivatives wave equation leading to the modified dispersion relation. The first-order formalism is considered and the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-03-04 S. I. Kruglov

We derive the stationary probability distribution for a non-equilibrium system composed by an arbitrary number of degrees of freedom that are subject to Gaussian colored noise and a conservative potential. This is based on a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-01 Claudio Maggi , Umberto Marini Bettolo Marconi , Nicoletta Gnan , Roberto Di Leonardo

In light of the significance of non-commutative quaternionic algebra in modern physics, the current study proposes the existence of the Klein paradox in the quaternionic (3+1)-dimensional space-time structure. By introducing the…

General Physics · Physics 2024-10-08 Geetanjali Pathak , B. C. Chanyal

In the free case, it is possible to define quantum fields which describe particles with integer or half-integer spin larger than one. It is shown that particles with integer spin must have Bose statistic and particles with half-integer-spin…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2017-04-04 Markus Fierz , Guglielmo Pasa

Lorentz transformation of the reduced helicity density matrix for a massive spin 1/2 particle is investigated in the framework of relativistic quantum information theory for the first time. The corresponding helicity entropy is calculated,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 Song He , Shuxin Shao , Hongbao Zhang

This work completes the program started in \cite{bb1,bb2,bb3} to derive the Heisenberg uncertainty relation for relativistic particles. Sharp uncertainty relations for massive relativistic particles with spin 0 and spin 1 are derived. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-03 Iwo Bialynicki-Birula , Adam Prystupiuk

Recently, a self-contained trajectory-based formulation of non-relativistic quantum mechanics was developed [Ann. Phys. 315, 505 (2005); Chem. Phys. 370, 4 (2010); J. Chem. Phys. 136, 031102 (2012)], that makes no use of wavefunctions or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-08-31 Bill Poirier