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As Operational Technology increasingly integrates with Information Technology, the need for Intrusion Detection Systems becomes more important. This paper explores an unsupervised approach to anomaly detection in network traffic using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Dylan Baptiste , Ramla Saddem , Alexandre Philippot , François Foyer

Automating visual inspection in industrial production lines is essential for increasing product quality across various industries. Anomaly detection (AD) methods serve as robust tools for this purpose. However, existing public datasets…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Aimira Baitieva , David Hurych , Victor Besnier , Olivier Bernard

Digitalization leads to data transparency for production systems that we can benefit from with data-driven analysis methods like neural networks. For example, automated anomaly detection enables saving resources and optimizing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-23 Tom Hammerbacher , Markus Lange-Hegermann , Gorden Platz

Automating the analysis of surveillance video footage is of great interest when urban environments or industrial sites are monitored by a large number of cameras. As anomalies are often context-specific, it is hard to predefine events of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-13 Bo Li , Sam Leroux , Pieter Simoens

This paper introduces a hybrid attention and autoencoder (AE) model for unsupervised online anomaly detection in time series. The autoencoder captures local structural patterns in short embeddings, while the attention model learns long-term…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Seyed Amirhossein Najafi , Mohammad Hassan Asemani , Peyman Setoodeh

Nowadays, multi-sensor technologies are applied in many fields, e.g., Health Care (HC), Human Activity Recognition (HAR), and Industrial Control System (ICS). These sensors can generate a substantial amount of multivariate time-series data.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-08-03 Yuxin Zhang , Yiqiang Chen , Jindong Wang , Zhiwen Pan

Much of the world's data is streaming, time-series data, where anomalies give significant information in critical situations; examples abound in domains such as finance, IT, security, medical, and energy. Yet detecting anomalies in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Alexander Lavin , Subutai Ahmad

Inspired by the recent success of deep learning in multiscale information encoding, we introduce a variational autoencoder (VAE) based semi-supervised method for detection of faulty traffic data, which is cast as a classification problem.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Yongcan Huang , Jidong J. Yang

Organizations rely heavily on time series metrics to measure and model key aspects of operational and business performance. The ability to reliably detect issues with these metrics is imperative to identifying early indicators of major…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-11 Sayan Chakraborty , Smit Shah , Kiumars Soltani , Anna Swigart , Luyao Yang , Kyle Buckingham

Road accident can be triggered by wet road because it decreases skid resistance. To prevent the road accident, detecting road surface abnomality is highly useful. In this paper, we propose the deep learning based cost-effective real-time…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-12 YeongHyeon Park , JongHee Jung

Detection of anomalous situations for complex mission-critical systems hold paramount importance when their service continuity needs to be ensured. A major challenge in detecting anomalies from the operational data arises due to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Shanay Mehta , Shlok Mehendale , Nicole Fernandes , Jyotirmoy Sarkar , Santonu Sarkar , Snehanshu Saha

Advanced persistent threats (APT) are stealthy, sophisticated, and unpredictable cyberattacks that can steal intellectual property, damage critical infrastructure, or cause millions of dollars in damage. Detecting APTs by monitoring…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-06 Ghita Berrada , Sidahmed Benabderrahmane , James Cheney , William Maxwell , Himan Mookherjee , Alec Theriault , Ryan Wright

Variational autoencoders (VAE) have quickly become a central tool in machine learning, applicable to a broad range of data types and latent variable models. By far the most common first step, taken by seminal papers and by core software…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-01-01 Gabriel Loaiza-Ganem , John P. Cunningham

Passive radio frequency (RF) sensing and monitoring of human daily activities in elderly care homes is an emerging topic. Micro-Doppler radars are an appealing solution considering their non-intrusiveness, deep penetration, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-04 Yordanka Karayaneva , Sara Sharifzadeh , Wenda Li , Yanguo Jing , Bo Tan

Semi-supervised learning is attracting increasing attention due to the fact that datasets of many domains lack enough labeled data. Variational Auto-Encoder (VAE), in particular, has demonstrated the benefits of semi-supervised learning.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Yang Li , Quan Pan , Suhang Wang , Haiyun Peng , Tao Yang , Erik Cambria

Unsupervised anomaly detection (AD) in medical images aims to identify abnormal regions without relying on pixel-level annotations, which is crucial for scalable and label-efficient diagnostic systems. In this paper, we propose a novel…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-05 Jiayu Huo , Jingyuan Hong , Liyun Chen

Many works have studied the efficacy of state machines for detecting anomalies within NetFlows. These works typically learn a model from unlabeled data and compute anomaly scores for arbitrary traces based on their likelihood of occurrence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Clinton Cao , Agathe Blaise , Annibale Panichella , Sicco Verwer

Surface anomaly detection is pivotal for ensuring product quality in industrial manufacturing. While 2D image-based methods have achieved remarkable success, 3D point cloud-based detection remains underexplored despite its richer geometric…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Xuanming Cao , Chengyu Tao , Yifeng Cheng , Juan Du

Video anomaly detection is commonly used in many applications such as security surveillance and is very challenging.A majority of recent video anomaly detection approaches utilize deep reconstruction models, but their performance is often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-28 Xuanzhao Wang , Zhengping Che , Bo Jiang , Ning Xiao , Ke Yang , Jian Tang , Jieping Ye , Jingyu Wang , Qi Qi

Video Anomaly Detection (VAD) serves as a pivotal technology in the intelligent surveillance systems, enabling the temporal or spatial identification of anomalous events within videos. While existing reviews predominantly concentrate on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Yang Liu , Dingkang Yang , Yan Wang , Jing Liu , Jun Liu , Azzedine Boukerche , Peng Sun , Liang Song