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We present a novel multimodal interpretable VQA model that can answer the question more accurately and generate diverse explanations. Although researchers have proposed several methods that can generate human-readable and fine-grained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-09 He Zhu , Ren Togo , Takahiro Ogawa , Miki Haseyama

Natural language interaction with agentic Artificial Intelligence (AI), driven by Large Language Models (LLMs), is expected to remain a dominant paradigm in the near future. While humans instinctively align their communication with mental…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Mehdi Jafari , Devin Yuncheng Hua , Hao Xue , Flora Salim

Multimodal question answering tasks can be used as proxy tasks to study systems that can perceive and reason about the world. Answering questions about different types of input modalities stresses different aspects of reasoning such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-22 Haytham M. Fayek , Justin Johnson

Intelligent systems need to be able to recover from mistakes, resolve uncertainty, and adapt to novel concepts not seen during training. Dialog interaction can enable this by the use of clarifications for correction and resolving…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Aishwarya Padmakumar , Raymond J. Mooney

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate impressive reasoning ability and the maintenance of world knowledge not only in natural language tasks, but also in some vision-language tasks such as open-domain knowledge-based visual question…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Ziyue Wang , Chi Chen , Peng Li , Yang Liu

Personal assistant systems, such as Apple Siri, Google Assistant, Amazon Alexa, and Microsoft Cortana, are becoming ever more widely used. Understanding user intent such as clarification questions, potential answers and user feedback in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-02-06 Liu Yang , Minghui Qiu , Chen Qu , Cen Chen , Jiafeng Guo , Yongfeng Zhang , W. Bruce Croft , Haiqing Chen

Joint planning through language-based interactions is a key area of human-AI teaming. Planning problems in the open world often involve various aspects of incomplete information and unknowns, e.g., objects involved, human goals/intents --…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Zeyu Fang , Mahdi Imani , Tian Lan

Theory of Mind (ToM) -- the ability to understand that others can have differing knowledge and goals -- enables agents to reason about others' beliefs while planning their own actions. We present a novel approach to multi-agent cooperation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Riddhi J. Pitliya , Ozan Çatal , Toon Van de Maele , Corrado Pezzato , Tim Verbelen

Knowledge-based visual question answering (KB-VQA) requires vision-language models to understand images and use external knowledge, especially for rare entities and long-tail facts. Most existing retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Zhuohong Chen , Zhenxian Wu , Yunyao Yu , Hangrui Xu , Zirui Liao , Zhifang Liu , Xiangwen Deng , Pen Jiao , Haoqian Wang

During the first step of practical reasoning, i.e. deliberation or goals selection, an intelligent agent generates a set of pursuable goals and then selects which of them he commits to achieve. Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Mariela Morveli-Espinoza , Cesar Augusto Tacla , Henrique Jasinski

Dialogue systems often fail when user utterances are semantically complete yet lack the clarity and completeness required for appropriate system action. This mismatch arises because users frequently do not fully understand their own needs,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Yaoyao Qian , Jindan Huang , Yuanli Wang , Simon Yu , Kyrie Zhixuan Zhou , Jiayuan Mao , Mingfu Liang , Hanhan Zhou

Visual question answering by using information from multiple modalities has attracted more and more attention in recent years. However, it is a very challenging task, as the visual content and natural language have quite different…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-13 Zhaoquan Yuan , Siyuan Sun , Lixin Duan , Xiao Wu , Changsheng Xu

Autoregressive large language models (LLMs) pre-trained by next token prediction are inherently proficient in generative tasks. However, their performance on knowledge-driven tasks such as factual knowledge querying remains unsatisfactory.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Peng Yu , Cheng Deng , Beiya Dai , Xinbing Wang , Ying Wen

The current success of modern visual reasoning systems is arguably attributed to cross-modality attention mechanisms. However, in deliberative reasoning such as in VQA, attention is unconstrained at each step, and thus may serve as a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-26 Thao Minh Le , Vuong Le , Sunil Gupta , Svetha Venkatesh , Truyen Tran

Question answering (QA) systems provide a way of querying the information available in various formats including, but not limited to, unstructured and structured data in natural languages. It constitutes a considerable part of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-04 Munazza Zaib , Wei Emma Zhang , Quan Z. Sheng , Adnan Mahmood , Yang Zhang

Prior approaches to realizing mixed-initiative human--computer referential communication have adopted information-state or collaborative problem-solving approaches. In this paper, we argue for a new approach, inspired by coherence-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-10 Baber Khalid , Malihe Alikhani , Michael Fellner , Brian McMahan , Matthew Stone

The main goal of modeling human conversation is to create agents which can interact with people in both open-ended and goal-oriented scenarios. End-to-end trained neural dialog systems are an important line of research for such generalized…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-30 Chaitanya K. Joshi , Fei Mi , Boi Faltings

Dialogue agents that interact with humans in situated environments need to manage referential ambiguity across multiple modalities and ask for help as needed. However, it is not clear what kinds of questions such agents should ask nor how…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-14 Felix Gervits , Gordon Briggs , Antonio Roque , Genki A. Kadomatsu , Dean Thurston , Matthias Scheutz , Matthew Marge

Verbal communication plays a crucial role in human cooperation, particularly when the partners only have incomplete information about the task, environment, and each other's mental state. In this paper, we propose a novel cooperative…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Lance Ying , Kunal Jha , Shivam Aarya , Joshua B. Tenenbaum , Antonio Torralba , Tianmin Shu

Target-guided response generation enables dialogue systems to smoothly transition a conversation from a dialogue context toward a target sentence. Such control is useful for designing dialogue systems that direct a conversation toward…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Prakhar Gupta , Harsh Jhamtani , Jeffrey P. Bigham