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Principal component analysis (PCA) is by far the most widespread tool for unsupervised learning with high-dimensional data sets. Its application is popularly studied for the purpose of exploratory data analysis and online process…

Applications · Statistics 2019-02-12 Stefania Russo , Guangyu Li , Kris Villez

This paper investigates fairness and bias in Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA), a widely used statistical technique for examining the relationship between two sets of variables. We present a framework that alleviates unfairness by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Zhuoping Zhou , Davoud Ataee Tarzanagh , Bojian Hou , Boning Tong , Jia Xu , Yanbo Feng , Qi Long , Li Shen

Principal component analysis (PCA) is widely used for feature extraction and dimensionality reduction, with documented merits in diverse tasks involving high-dimensional data. Standard PCA copes with one dataset at a time, but it is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-30 Jia Chen , Gang Wang , Georgios B. Giannakis

This paper is concerned with the computation of the principal components for a general tensor, known as the tensor principal component analysis (PCA) problem. We show that the general tensor PCA problem is reducible to its special case…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-11-19 Bo Jiang , Shiqian Ma , Shuzhong Zhang

Machine learning systems have been shown to propagate the societal errors of the past. In light of this, a wealth of research focuses on designing solutions that are "fair." Even with this abundance of work, there is no singular definition…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-18 Ninareh Mehrabi , Yuzhong Huang , Fred Morstatter

While machine learning models have achieved unprecedented success in real-world applications, they might make biased/unfair decisions for specific demographic groups and hence result in discriminative outcomes. Although research efforts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-08 Yuying Zhao , Yu Wang , Tyler Derr

We study the problem of fair classification within the versatile framework of Dwork et al. [ITCS '12], which assumes the existence of a metric that measures similarity between pairs of individuals. Unlike earlier work, we do not assume that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-29 Michael P. Kim , Omer Reingold , Guy N. Rothblum

We study the impact of pre and post processing for reducing discrimination in data-driven decision makers. We first analyze the fundamental trade-off between fairness and accuracy in a pre-processing approach, and propose a design for a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-04 Sajad Khodadadian , AmirEmad Ghassami , Negar Kiyavash

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is one of the most important methods to handle high dimensional data. However, most of the studies on PCA aim to minimize the loss after projection, which usually measures the Euclidean distance, though in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-19 Kai Liu , Qiuwei Li , Hua Wang , Gongguo Tang

Neural network architectures have been extensively employed in the fair representation learning setting, where the objective is to learn a new representation for a given vector which is independent of sensitive information. Various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Mattia Cerrato , Marius Köppel , Alexander Segner , Stefan Kramer

Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) is a technique for finding correlations between different data modalities and learning low-dimensional representations. As fairness becomes crucial in machine learning, fair CCA has gained attention.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Bojian Hou , Zhanliang Wang , Zhuoping Zhou , Boning Tong , Zexuan Wang , Jingxuan Bao , Duy Duong-Tran , Qi Long , Li Shen

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a widespread technique for data analysis that relies on the covariance-correlation matrix of the analyzed data. However to properly work with high-dimensional data, PCA poses severe mathematical…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2018-10-18 Luigi Leonardo Palese

In this work, we consider the problem of intersectional group fairness in the classification setting, where the objective is to learn discrimination-free models in the presence of several intersecting sensitive groups. First, we illustrate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Gaurav Maheshwari , Aurélien Bellet , Pascal Denis , Mikaela Keller

Mitigating bias in automated decision-making systems, particularly in deep learning models, is a critical challenge due to nuanced definitions of fairness, dataset-specific biases, and the inherent trade-off between fairness and accuracy.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Charmaine Barker , Daniel Bethell , Dimitar Kazakov

Existing work on fairness typically focuses on making known machine learning algorithms fairer. Fair variants of classification, clustering, outlier detection and other styles of algorithms exist. However, an understudied area is the topic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Ian Davidson , S. S. Ravi

As AI systems become more embedded in everyday life, the development of fair and unbiased models becomes more critical. Considering the social impact of AI systems is not merely a technical challenge but a moral imperative. As evidenced in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Aida Tayebi , Ali Khodabandeh Yalabadi , Mehdi Yazdani-Jahromi , Ozlem Ozmen Garibay

Fairness is an important objective throughout society. From the distribution of limited goods such as education, over hiring and payment, to taxes, legislation, and jurisprudence. Due to the increasing importance of machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Felix Störck , Fabian Hinder , Johannes Brinkrolf , Benjamin Paassen , Valerie Vaquet , Barbara Hammer

Fairness in machine learning is of considerable interest in recent years owing to the propensity of algorithms trained on historical data to amplify and perpetuate historical biases. In this paper, we argue for a formal reconstruction of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Vaishak Belle

A popular approach of achieving fairness in optimization problems is by constraining the solution space to "fair" solutions, which unfortunately typically reduces solution quality. In practice, the ultimate goal is often an aggregate of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-23 Marcus Hutter

Nowadays fairness issues have raised great concerns in decision-making systems. Various fairness notions have been proposed to measure the degree to which an algorithm is unfair. In practice, there frequently exist a certain set of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Renzhe Xu , Peng Cui , Kun Kuang , Bo Li , Linjun Zhou , Zheyan Shen , Wei Cui