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Variational Auto-Encoders (VAEs) have emerged as powerful probabilistic models for generative tasks. However, their convergence properties have not been rigorously proven. The challenge of proving convergence is inherently difficult due to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Li Wang , Wei Huang

Automatic speaker verification (ASV) systems are highly vulnerable to presentation attacks, also called spoofing attacks. Replay is among the simplest attacks to mount - yet difficult to detect reliably. The generalization failure of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-24 Bhusan Chettri , Tomi Kinnunen , Emmanouil Benetos

Due to their unsupervised training and uncertainty estimation, deep Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) have become powerful tools for reconstruction-based Time Series Anomaly Detection (TSAD). Existing VAE-based TSAD methods, either…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Zhangkai Wu , Longbing Cao , Qi Zhang , Junxian Zhou , Hui Chen

Although the Conditional Variational AutoEncoder (CVAE) model can generate more diversified responses than the traditional Seq2Seq model, the responses often have low relevance with the input words or are illogical with the question. A…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Jiayi Liu , Wei Wei , Zhixuan Chu , Xing Gao , Ji Zhang , Tan Yan , Yulin Kang

Variational autoencoders (VAE) represent a popular, flexible form of deep generative model that can be stochastically fit to samples from a given random process using an information-theoretic variational bound on the true underlying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Bin Dai , Yu Wang , John Aston , Gang Hua , David Wipf

This paper describes a variational auto-encoder based non-autoregressive text-to-speech (VAENAR-TTS) model. The autoregressive TTS (AR-TTS) models based on the sequence-to-sequence architecture can generate high-quality speech, but their…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-07-08 Hui Lu , Zhiyong Wu , Xixin Wu , Xu Li , Shiyin Kang , Xunying Liu , Helen Meng

The surrogate loss of variational autoencoders (VAEs) poses various challenges to their training, inducing the imbalance between task fitting and representation inference. To avert this, the existing strategies for VAEs focus on adjusting…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Zhangkai Wu , Longbing Cao , Lei Qi

Generalized end-to-end (GE2E) model is widely used in speaker verification (SV) fields due to its expandability and generality regardless of specific languages. However, the long-short term memory (LSTM) based on GE2E has two limitations:…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-17 Hyeonmook Park , Jungbae Park , Sang Wan Lee

In end-to-end optimized learned image compression, it is standard practice to use a convolutional variational autoencoder with generalized divisive normalization (GDN) to transform images into a latent space. Recently, Operational Neural…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-31 M. Akın Yılmaz , Onur Keleş , Hilal Güven , A. Murat Tekalp , Junaid Malik , Serkan Kıranyaz

The key idea of variational auto-encoders (VAEs) resembles that of traditional auto-encoder models in which spatial information is supposed to be explicitly encoded in the latent space. However, the latent variables in VAEs are vectors,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-23 Zhengyang Wang , Hao Yuan , Shuiwang Ji

Recent advances in the estimation of deep directed graphical models and recurrent networks let us contribute to the removal of a blind spot in the area of probabilistc modelling of time series. The proposed methods i) can infer distributed…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-10-01 Justin Bayer , Christian Osendorfer

The past few years have witnessed increasing interests in applying deep learning to video compression. However, the existing approaches compress a video frame with only a few number of reference frames, which limits their ability to fully…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-18 Ren Yang , Fabian Mentzer , Luc Van Gool , Radu Timofte

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) are a type of statistical model designed to handle sequential data. The model reads a sequence one symbol at a time. Each symbol is processed based on information collected from the previous symbols. With…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-02-18 Jared Ostmeyer , Lindsay Cowell

Achieving precise semantic control over the latent spaces of Variational AutoEncoders (VAEs) holds significant value for downstream tasks in NLP as the underlying generative mechanisms could be better localised, explained and improved upon.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Yingji Zhang , Danilo S. Carvalho , Marco Valentino , Ian Pratt-Hartmann , Andre Freitas

This study introduces PV-RNN, a novel variational RNN inspired by the predictive-coding ideas. The model learns to extract the probabilistic structures hidden in fluctuating temporal patterns by dynamically changing the stochasticity of its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-26 Ahmadreza Ahmadi , Jun Tani

Recurrent neural network transducers (RNN-T) have been successfully applied in end-to-end speech recognition. However, the recurrent structure makes it difficult for parallelization . In this paper, we propose a self-attention transducer…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-25 Zhengkun Tian , Jiangyan Yi , Jianhua Tao , Ye Bai , Zhengqi Wen

Real-world sequential signals, such as audio or video, contain critical information that is often embedded within long periods of silence or noise. While recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are designed to process such data efficiently, they…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Bojian Yin , Shurong Wang , Haoyu Tan , Sander Bohte , Federico Corradi , Guoqi Li

Learning from heterogeneous data poses challenges such as combining data from various sources and of different types. Meanwhile, heterogeneous data are often associated with missingness in real-world applications due to heterogeneity and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-26 Yu Gong , Hossein Hajimirsadeghi , Jiawei He , Thibaut Durand , Greg Mori

Learning interpretable latent representations from tabular data remains a challenge in deep generative modeling. We introduce SE-VAE (Structural Equation-Variational Autoencoder), a novel architecture that embeds measurement structure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Ruiyu Zhang , Ce Zhao , Xin Zhao , Lin Nie , Wai-Fung Lam

The neural dynamics underlying brain activity are critical to understanding cognitive processes and mental disorders. However, current voxel-based whole-brain dimensionality reduction techniques fall short of capturing these dynamics,…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-05-25 Eloy Geenjaar , Donghyun Kim , Riyasat Ohib , Marlena Duda , Amrit Kashyap , Sergey Plis , Vince Calhoun