Related papers: Calculus without Limit Theory
Invariant conditions for conformable fractional problems of the calculus of variations under the presence of external forces in the dynamics are studied. Depending on the type of transformations considered, different necessary conditions of…
Differential operators usually result in derivatives expressed as a ratio of differentials. For all but the simplest derivatives, these ratios are typically not algebraically manipulable, but must be held together as a unit in order to…
Many branches of theoretical and applied mathematics require a quantifiable notion of complexity. One such circumstance is a topological dynamical system - which involves a continuous self-map on a metric space. There are many notions of…
We consider the termination/non-termination property of a class of loops. Such loops are commonly used abstractions of real program pieces. Second-order logic is a convenient language to express non-termination. Of course, such property is…
Some aspects of basic category theory are developed in a finitely complete category $\C$, endowed with two factorization systems which determine the same discrete objects and are linked by a simple reciprocal stability law. Resting on this…
In this work we solve the nonlinear second order differential equation of the simple pendulum with a general initial angular displacement ($\theta(0)=\theta_0$) and velocity ($\dot{\theta}(0)=\phi_0$), obtaining a closed-form solution in…
Quantum theory expresses the observable relations between physical properties in terms of probabilities that depend on the specific context described by the "state" of a system. However, the laws of physics that emerge at the macroscopic…
We study functional and concurrent calculi with non-determinism, along with type systems to control resources based on linearity. The interplay between non-determinism and linearity is delicate: careless handling of branches can discard…
Although special relativity limits the actual velocity of a particle to $c$, the velocity of light, the observed velocity need not be the same as the actual velocity as the observer is only aware of the position of a particle at the time in…
Classical mathematics (involving such notions as infinitely small/large and continuity) is usually treated as fundamental while finite mathematics is treated as inferior which is used only in special applications. We first argue that the…
Cirquent calculus is a novel proof theory permitting component-sharing between logical expressions. Using it, the predecessor article "Elementary-base cirquent calculus I: Parallel and choice connectives" built the sound and complete…
Families of objects appear in several contexts, like algebraic topology, theory of deformations, theoretical physics, etc. An unified coordinate-free algebraic framework for families of geometrical quantities is presented here, which allows…
We introduce a type and effect system, for an imperative object calculus, which infers "sharing" possibly introduced by the evaluation of an expression, represented as an equivalence relation among its free variables. This direct…
We introduce, develop, and apply a new approach for dealing with the intuitive notion of function, called Flow Theory. Within our framework all functions are monadic and none of them has any domain. Sets, proper classes, categories,…
When verifying liveness properties on a transition system, it is often necessary to discard spurious violating paths by making assumptions on which paths represent realistic executions. Capturing that some property holds under such an…
Classical particle mechanics on curved spaces is related to the flow of ideal fluids, by a dual interpretation of the Hamilton-Jacobi equation. As in second quantization, the procedure relates the description of a system with a finite…
The binary radix expansion of a real number can be used to code the outcome of any series of coin tosses, a fact that provides an intriguing link between number theory, measure theory and statistical physics. Inspired by this fact, a…
We have established a coherent framework for applying variational methods to partial differential equations on hypergraphs, which includes the propositions of calculus and function spaces on hypergraphs. Several results related to the…
This paper forms part of a wider campaign: to deny pointillisme. That is the doctrine that a physical theory's fundamental quantities are defined at points of space or of spacetime, and represent intrinsic properties of such points or…
The limited distinctness of physical systems is roughly expressed by uncertainty relations. Here we show distinctness is a finite resource we can exactly count to define basic physical quantities, limits to the resolution of space and time,…