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We study two classes of operator algebras associated with a unital subsemigroup $P$ of a discrete group $G$: one related to universal structures, and one related to co-universal structures. First we provide connections between universal…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2022-03-09 Evgenios T. A. Kakariadis , Elias G. Katsoulis , Marcelo Laca , Xin Li

We study ($p$-harmonic) singular functions, defined by means of upper gradients, in bounded domains in metric measure spaces. It is shown that singular functions exist if and only if the complement of the domain has positive capacity, and…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2020-10-07 Anders Björn , Jana Björn , Juha Lehrbäck

We provide new insights into the solvability property of an Hamiltonian involving of the fourth Painlev\'e transcendent and its derivatives. This Hamiltonian is third order shape invariant and can also be interpreted within the context of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-05-26 Ian Marquette

Given a locally finite graph $\Gamma$, an amenable subgroup $G$ of graph automorphisms acting freely and almost transitively on its vertices, and a $G$-invariant activity function $\lambda$, consider the free energy $f_G(\Gamma,\lambda)$ of…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-03-02 Raimundo Briceño

We study the discreteness of the spectrum of Schrodinger operators which are defined on N-dimensional rooted trees of a finite or infinite volume, and are subject to a certain mixed boundary condition. We present a method to estimate their…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Yehuda Pinchover , Gershon Wolansky , Daphne Zelig

For any countable group with infinite conjugacy classes we construct a family of forests on the group. For each of them there is a random walk on the group with the property that its sample paths almost surely converge to the geometric…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2019-03-07 Anna Erschler , Vadim Kaimanovich

Let G = Aut(T) be the automorphism group of a regular tree T. We study continuous irreducible representations of G that preserve a continuous strongly nondegenerate sesquilinear form of finite index on a Hilbert space. These are already…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-18 Federico Viola

Let $p$ be a real number greater than one and let $G$ be a connected graph of bounded degree. In this paper we introduce the $p$-harmonic boundary of $G$. We use this boundary to characterize the graphs $G$ for which the constant functions…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2010-09-20 Michael J. Puls

We study closed subgroups $G$ of the automorphism group of a locally finite tree $T$ acting doubly transitively on the boundary. We show that if the stabiliser of some end is metabelian, then there is a local field $k$ such that…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2019-12-19 Pierre-Emmanuel Caprace , Tom De Medts

We study a space-time Brownian motion with drift B(t)=(t_0+t,y_0+W(t)+t) killed at the moving boundary of the cone {(t,x):0<x<t}. This article determines the parabolic Martin boundary and all harmonic functions associated with this process.…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-01-31 Sandro Franceschi

The discrete Green's functions are the pseudoinverse (or the inverse) of the Laplacian (or its variations) of a graph. In this paper, we will give combinatorial interpretations of Green's functions in terms of enumerating trees and forests…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-02-27 Fan Chung , Ji Zeng

We study infinite tree and ultrametric matrices, and their action on the boundary of the tree. For each tree matrix we show the existence of a symmetric random walk associated to it and we study its Green potential. We provide a…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Claude Dellacherie , Servet Martinez , Jaime San Martin

Extending the elementary and complete homogeneous symmetric functions, we introduce the truncated homogeneous symmetric function $h_{\lambda}^{\dd}$ in $(\ref{THSF})$ for any integer partition $\lambda$, and show that the transition matrix…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-02-10 Houshan Fu , Zhousheng Mei

There are several common ways to encode a tree as a matrix, such as the adjacency matrix, the Laplacian matrix (that is, the infinitesimal generator of the natural random walk), and the matrix of pairwise distances between leaves. Such…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2007-05-23 Frederick A. Matsen , Steven N. Evans

We study the involution of the real line induced by the outer automorphism of the extended modular group PGL(2,Z). This `modular' involution is discontinuous at rationals but satisfies a surprising collection of functional equations. It…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-09-09 A. Muhammed Uludağ , Hakan Ayral

We introduce a family of differential-reflection operators $\Lambda_{A, \varepsilon}$ acting on smooth functions defined on $\mathbb R.$ Here $A$ is a Strum-Liouville function with additional hypotheses and $\varepsilon\in \mathbb R.$ For…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2015-07-06 Salem Ben Said , Asma Boussen , Mohamed Sifi

Stanley's theory of $(P,\omega)$-partitions is a standard tool in combinatorics. It can be extended to allow for the presence of a restriction, that is a given maximal value for partitions at each vertex of the poset, as was shown by Assaf…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-17 Philippe Nadeau , Vasu Tewari

Let $A$ be a ring with $1\neq 0$, not necessarily finite, endowed with an involution~$*$, that is, an anti-automorphism of order $\leq 2$. Let $H_n(A)$ be the additive group of all $n\times n$ hermitian matrices over $A$ relative to $*$.…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2016-11-02 Fernando Szechtman

Let $T$ be an $\mathbb{R}$-tree, equipped with a very small action of the rank $n$ free group $F_n$, and let $H \leq F_n$ be finitely generated. We consider the case where the action $F_n \curvearrowright T$ is indecomposable--this is a…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2010-05-27 Patrick Reynolds

In the first part of this article we obtain an identity relating the radial spectrum of rotationally invariant geodesic balls and an isoperimetric quotient $\sum 1/\lambda_{i}^{\rm rad}=\int V(s)/S(s)ds$. We also obtain upper and lower…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2022-02-03 G. Pacelli Bessa , Vicent Gimeno , Luquesio P. Jorge