Related papers: Testing for equivalence: an intersection-union per…
We consider a permutation method for testing whether observations given in their natural pairing exhibit an unusual level of similarity in situations where any two observations may be similar at some unknown baseline level. Under a null…
Simultaneous tests of superiority and non-inferiority hypotheses on multiple endpoints are often performed in clinical trials to demonstrate that a new treatment is superior over a control on at least one endpoint and non-inferior on the…
Two main approaches in simultaneous inference are intersection-union tests and union-intersection tests. For intersection-union hypotheses, the classical IUT based on marginal p-values and the all-in-alternative UIT are compared. Depending…
The synthetic control method is often applied to problems with one treated unit and a small number of control units. A common inferential task in this setting is to test null hypotheses regarding the average treatment effect on the treated.…
The plausibility of the ``parallel trends assumption'' in Difference-in-Differences estimation is usually assessed by a test of the null hypothesis that the difference between the average outcomes of both groups is constant over time before…
In this paper we consider the construction of optimal tests of equivalence hypotheses. Specifically, assume X_1,..., X_n are i.i.d. with distribution P_{\theta}, with \theta \in R^k. Let g(\theta) be some real-valued parameter of interest.…
A number of biomedical problems require performing many hypothesis tests, with an attendant need to apply stringent thresholds. Often the data take the form of a series of predictor vectors, each of which must be compared with a single…
After rejecting the null hypothesis in the analysis of variance, the next step is to make the pairwise comparisons to find out differences in means. The purpose of this paper is threefold. The foremost aim is to suggest expression for…
Permutation testing in linear models, where the number of nuisance coefficients is smaller than the sample size, is a well-studied topic. The common approach of such tests is to permute residuals after regressing on the nuisance covariates.…
Permutation tests are widely used in statistics, providing a finite-sample guarantee on the type I error rate whenever the distribution of the samples under the null hypothesis is invariant to some rearrangement. Despite its increasing…
In large scale genetic association studies, a primary aim is to test for association between genetic variants and a disease outcome. The variants of interest are often rare, and appear with low frequency among subjects. In this situation,…
Given observations from a stationary time series, permutation tests allow one to construct exactly level $\alpha$ tests under the null hypothesis of an i.i.d. (or, more generally, exchangeable) distribution. On the other hand, when the null…
Many studies include a goal of determining whether there is treatment effect heterogeneity across different subpopulations. In this paper, we propose a U-statistic-based non-parametric test of the null hypothesis that the treatment effects…
We consider a test for the hypothesis that the within-treatment variance component in a one-way random effects model is null. This test is based on a decomposition of a $U$-statistic. Its asymptotic null distribution is derived under the…
To date, testing interactions in high dimensions has been a challenging task. Existing methods often have issues with sensitivity to modeling assumptions and heavily asymptotic nominal p-values. To help alleviate these issues, we propose a…
Standard tests of the "no-treatment-effect" hypothesis for a comparative experiment include permutation tests, the Wilcoxon rank sum test, two-sample $t$ tests, and Fisher-type randomization tests. Practitioners are aware that these…
Permutation tests are a distribution free way of performing hypothesis tests. These tests rely on the condition that the observed data are exchangeable among the groups being tested under the null hypothesis. This assumption is easily…
Various statistical tests have been developed for testing the equality of means in matched pairs with missing values. However, most existing methods are commonly based on certain distributional assumptions such as normality, 0-symmetry or…
Classical two-sample permutation tests for equality of distributions have exact size in finite samples, but they fail to control size for testing equality of parameters that summarize each distribution. This paper proposes permutation tests…
Difference-in-differences is a popular method for observational health policy evaluation. It relies on a causal assumption that in the absence of intervention, treatment groups' outcomes would have evolved in parallel to those of comparison…