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Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has emerged as a key enabling technology for aligning AI behaviour with human preferences. The traditional way to collect data in RLHF is via pairwise comparisons: human raters are asked to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Jan Kompatscher , Danqing Shi , Giovanna Varni , Tino Weinkauf , Antti Oulasvirta

This paper presents a novel approach for using clickthrough data to learn ranked retrieval functions for web search results. We observe that users searching the web often perform a sequence, or chain, of queries with a similar information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Filip Radlinski , Thorsten Joachims

Learning from human feedback is a popular approach to train robots to adapt to user preferences and improve safety. Existing approaches typically consider a single querying (interaction) format when seeking human feedback and do not…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Yashwanthi Anand , Nnamdi Nwagwu , Kevin Sabbe , Naomi T. Fitter , Sandhya Saisubramanian

Designing an effective reward function has long been a challenge in reinforcement learning, particularly for complex tasks in unstructured environments. To address this, various learning paradigms have emerged that leverage different forms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Muhammad Qasim Elahi , Somtochukwu Oguchienti , Maheed H. Ahmed , Mahsa Ghasemi

Learning from Demonstrations (LfD) allows robots to learn skills from human users, but its effectiveness can suffer due to sub-optimal teaching, especially from untrained demonstrators. Active LfD aims to improve this by letting robots…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Muhan Hou , Koen Hindriks , A. E. Eiben , Kim Baraka

The development of trustworthy conversational information-seeking systems relies on dialogue models that can generate faithful and accurate responses based on relevant knowledge texts. However, two main challenges hinder this task. Firstly,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Wanyu Du , Yangfeng Ji

A key challenge in reward learning from human input is that desired agent behavior often changes based on context. For example, a robot must adapt to avoid a stove once it becomes hot. We observe that while high-level preferences (e.g.,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Alexandra Forsey-Smerek , Julie Shah , Andreea Bobu

Reward learning is a fundamental problem in human-robot interaction to have robots that operate in alignment with what their human user wants. Many preference-based learning algorithms and active querying techniques have been proposed as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-05 Erdem Bıyık , Aditi Talati , Dorsa Sadigh

In complex tasks where the reward function is not straightforward and consists of a set of objectives, multiple reinforcement learning (RL) policies that perform task adequately, but employ different strategies can be trained by adjusting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-12-20 Jasmina Gajcin , Rahul Nair , Tejaswini Pedapati , Radu Marinescu , Elizabeth Daly , Ivana Dusparic

When robots learn reward functions using high capacity models that take raw state directly as input, they need to both learn a representation for what matters in the task -- the task ``features" -- as well as how to combine these features…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Andreea Bobu , Yi Liu , Rohin Shah , Daniel S. Brown , Anca D. Dragan

Preference-based learning aims to align robot task objectives with human values. One of the most common methods to infer human preferences is by pairwise comparisons of robot task trajectories. Traditional comparison-based preference…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Hanfang Lyu , Yuanchen Bai , Xin Liang , Ujaan Das , Chuhan Shi , Leiliang Gong , Yingchi Li , Mingfei Sun , Ming Ge , Xiaojuan Ma

We are interested in the design of autonomous robot behaviors that learn the preferences of users over continued interactions, with the goal of efficiently executing navigation behaviors in a way that the user expects. In this paper, we…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-06 Cory Hayes , Matthew Marge

Real-life combinatorial optimization problems often involve several conflicting objectives, such as price, product quality and sustainability. A computationally-efficient way to tackle multiple objectives is to aggregate them into a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Marianne Defresne , Jayanta Mandi , Tias Guns

Attention-based sequential recommendation methods have shown promise in accurately capturing users' evolving interests from their past interactions. Recent research has also explored the integration of reinforcement learning (RL) into these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Melissa Mozifian , Tristan Sylvain , Dave Evans , Lili Meng

Generating complex behaviors that satisfy the preferences of non-expert users is a crucial requirement for AI agents. Interactive reward learning from trajectory comparisons (a.k.a. RLHF) is one way to allow non-expert users to convey…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Lin Guan , Karthik Valmeekam , Subbarao Kambhampati

It is often difficult to hand-specify what the correct reward function is for a task, so researchers have instead aimed to learn reward functions from human behavior or feedback. The types of behavior interpreted as evidence of the reward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Hong Jun Jeon , Smitha Milli , Anca D. Dragan

Socially aware robot navigation, where a robot is required to optimize its trajectory to maintain comfortable and compliant spatial interactions with humans in addition to reaching its goal without collisions, is a fundamental yet…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Ruiqi Wang , Weizheng Wang , Byung-Cheol Min

Our goal is to enable robots to learn cost functions from user guidance. Often it is difficult or impossible for users to provide full demonstrations, so corrections have emerged as an easier guidance channel. However, when robots learn…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-03-12 Jason Y. Zhang , Anca D. Dragan

We consider the problem of learning good trajectories for manipulation tasks. This is challenging because the criterion defining a good trajectory varies with users, tasks and environments. In this paper, we propose a co-active online…

Robotics · Computer Science 2015-01-30 Ashesh Jain , Brian Wojcik , Thorsten Joachims , Ashutosh Saxena

Algorithmic Recourse aims to provide actionable explanations, or recourse plans, to overturn potentially unfavourable decisions taken by automated machine learning models. In this paper, we propose an interaction paradigm based on a guided…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Seyedehdelaram Esfahani , Giovanni De Toni , Bruno Lepri , Andrea Passerini , Katya Tentori , Massimo Zancanaro