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We present a reinforcement learning strategy for use in multi-agent foraging systems in which the learning is centralised to a single agent and its model is periodically disseminated among the population of non-learning agents. In a domain…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Ian O'Flynn , Harun Šiljak

Many studies have applied reinforcement learning to train a dialog policy and show great promise these years. One common approach is to employ a user simulator to obtain a large number of simulated user experiences for reinforcement…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-24 Ryuichi Takanobu , Runze Liang , Minlie Huang

Agentic reinforcement learning (ARL) has rapidly gained attention as a promising paradigm for training agents to solve complex, multi-step interactive tasks. Despite encouraging early results, ARL remains highly unstable, often leading to…

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) frameworks are increasingly used to solve high-dimensional continuous control tasks in robotics. However, due to the lack of sample efficiency, applying DRL for online learning is still practically…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Yu Tang Liu , Aamir Ahmad

Atari games have been a long-standing benchmark in the reinforcement learning (RL) community for the past decade. This benchmark was proposed to test general competency of RL algorithms. Previous work has achieved good average performance…

Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms can find an optimal policy for a single agent to accomplish a particular task. However, many real-world problems require multiple agents to collaborate in order to achieve a common goal. For example, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Jan Corazza , Hadi Partovi Aria , Hyohun Kim , Daniel Neider , Zhe Xu

Role-based learning holds the promise of achieving scalable multi-agent learning by decomposing complex tasks using roles. However, it is largely unclear how to efficiently discover such a set of roles. To solve this problem, we propose to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Tonghan Wang , Tarun Gupta , Anuj Mahajan , Bei Peng , Shimon Whiteson , Chongjie Zhang

Multi-task reinforcement learning (MTRL) aims to train a single agent to efficiently optimize performance across multiple tasks simultaneously. However, jointly optimizing all tasks often yields imbalanced learning: agents quickly solve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Nicholas E. Corrado , Wenyuan Huang , Josiah P. Hanna

Achieving distributed reinforcement learning (RL) for large-scale cooperative multi-agent systems (MASs) is challenging because: (i) each agent has access to only limited information; (ii) issues on convergence or computational complexity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Gangshan Jing , He Bai , Jemin George , Aranya Chakrabortty , Piyush K. Sharma

Intelligent agents need to generalize from past experience to achieve goals in complex environments. World models facilitate such generalization and allow learning behaviors from imagined outcomes to increase sample-efficiency. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Danijar Hafner , Timothy Lillicrap , Mohammad Norouzi , Jimmy Ba

Vision-language-action (VLA) models demonstrate strong generalization in robotic manipulation but face challenges in complex, real-world tasks. While supervised fine-tuning with demonstrations is constrained by data quality, reinforcement…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Piaopiao Jin , Qi Wang , Guokang Sun , Ziwen Cai , Pinjia He , Yangwei You

In the context of multi-agent reinforcement learning, generalization is a challenge to solve various tasks that may require different joint policies or coordination without relying on policies specialized for each task. We refer to this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Hyungho Na , Kwanghyeon Lee , Sumin Lee , Il-Chul Moon

Multiagent reinforcement learning algorithms (MARL) have been demonstrated on complex tasks that require the coordination of a team of multiple agents to complete. Existing works have focused on sharing information between agents via…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-18 Samir Wadhwania , Dong-Ki Kim , Shayegan Omidshafiei , Jonathan P. How

We propose a deep reinforcement learning approach for solving a mapless navigation problem in warehouse scenarios. In our approach, an automation guided vehicle is equipped with LiDAR and frontal RGB sensors and learns to perform a targeted…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Honghu Xue , Benedikt Hein , Mohamed Bakr , Georg Schildbach , Bengt Abel , Elmar Rueckert

Ensuring the safety of embodied AI agents during task planning is critical for real-world deployment, especially in household environments where dangerous instructions pose significant risks. Existing methods often suffer from either high…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Junjian Wang , Lidan Zhao , Xi Sheryl Zhang

Existing evaluation suites for multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) do not assess generalization to novel situations as their primary objective (unlike supervised-learning benchmarks). Our contribution, Melting Pot, is a MARL…

This paper introduces two learning schemes for distributed agents in Reinforcement Learning (RL) environments, namely Reward-Weighted (R-Weighted) and Loss-Weighted (L-Weighted) gradient merger. The R/L weighted methods replace standard…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Martin Holen , Per-Arne Andersen , Kristian Muri Knausgård , Morten Goodwin

Inspired by recent work in attention models for image captioning and question answering, we present a soft attention model for the reinforcement learning domain. This model uses a soft, top-down attention mechanism to create a bottleneck in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-07 Alex Mott , Daniel Zoran , Mike Chrzanowski , Daan Wierstra , Danilo J. Rezende

Playing an essential role in data mining, machine learning has a long history of being applied to networks on multifarious tasks and has played an essential role in data mining. However, the discrete and sparse natures of networks often…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Han Zhang , Hong Xu

In this paper, we present a deep reinforcement learning (RL) framework for iterative dialog policy optimization in end-to-end task-oriented dialog systems. Popular approaches in learning dialog policy with RL include letting a dialog agent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-20 Bing Liu , Ian Lane