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As a dominant paradigm, fine-tuning a pre-trained model on the target data is widely used in many deep learning applications, especially for small data sets. However, recent studies have empirically shown that training from scratch has the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-27 Ziquan Liu , Yi Xu , Yuanhong Xu , Qi Qian , Hao Li , Xiangyang Ji , Antoni Chan , Rong Jin

When training a neural network for a desired task, one may prefer to adapt a pre-trained network rather than starting from randomly initialized weights. Adaptation can be useful in cases when training data is scarce, when a single learner…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-03 Jeffrey O Zhang , Alexander Sax , Amir Zamir , Leonidas Guibas , Jitendra Malik

With the emergence of large-scale pre-trained neural networks, methods to adapt such "foundation" models to data-limited downstream tasks have become a necessity. Fine-tuning, preference optimization, and transfer learning have all been…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-09 Javan Tahir , Surya Ganguli , Grant M. Rotskoff

The impressive performance of deep learning architectures is associated with a massive increase in model complexity. Millions of parameters need to be tuned, with training and inference time scaling accordingly, together with energy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Paolo Didier Alfano , Vito Paolo Pastore , Lorenzo Rosasco , Francesca Odone

The pretrain-finetune paradigm usually improves downstream performance over training a model from scratch on the same task, becoming commonplace across many areas of machine learning. While pretraining is empirically observed to be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Gabriele Merlin , Vedant Nanda , Ruchit Rawal , Mariya Toneva

We develop a theory of transfer learning in infinitely wide neural networks under gradient flow that quantifies when pretraining on a source task improves generalization on a target task. We analyze both (i) fine-tuning, when the downstream…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Clarissa Lauditi , Blake Bordelon , Cengiz Pehlevan

We study linear regression under covariate shift, where the marginal distribution over the input covariates differs in the source and the target domains, while the conditional distribution of the output given the input covariates is similar…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-04 Jingfeng Wu , Difan Zou , Vladimir Braverman , Quanquan Gu , Sham M. Kakade

In this paper we present an alternative strategy for fine-tuning the parameters of a network. We named the technique Gradual Tuning. Once trained on a first task, the network is fine-tuned on a second task by modifying a progressively…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-11-29 Guglielmo Montone , J. Kevin O'Regan , Alexander V. Terekhov

A multitude of prevalent pre-trained models mark a major milestone in the development of artificial intelligence, while fine-tuning has been a common practice that enables pretrained models to figure prominently in a wide array of target…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Yunqiao Yang , Long-Kai Huang , Ying Wei

The widespread availability of pre-trained vision models has enabled numerous deep learning applications through their transferable representations. However, their computational and storage costs often limit practical deployment.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Leonardo Iurada , Beatrice Occhiena , Tatiana Tommasi

Training deep neural networks results in strong learned representations that show good generalization capabilities. In most cases, training involves iterative modification of all weights inside the network via back-propagation. In Extreme…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-06 Amir Rosenfeld , John K. Tsotsos

Transfer learning from huge natural image datasets, fine-tuning of deep neural networks and the use of the corresponding pre-trained networks have become de facto the core of art analysis applications. Nevertheless, the effects of transfer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-25 Nicolas Gonthier , Yann Gousseau , Saïd Ladjal

Many capable large language models (LLMs) are developed via self-supervised pre-training followed by a reinforcement-learning fine-tuning phase, often based on human or AI feedback. During this stage, models may be guided by their inductive…

Transfer learning from ImageNet is the go-to approach when applying deep learning to medical images. The approach is either to fine-tune a pre-trained model or use it as a feature extractor. Most modern architecture contain batch…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-11 Fahdi Kanavati , Masayuki Tsuneki

Existing transfer learning-based beam prediction approaches primarily rely on simple fine-tuning. When there is a significant difference in data distribution between the target domain and the source domain, simple fine-tuning limits the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Zhiqiang Xiao , Yuwen Cao , Mondher Bouazizi , Tomoaki Ohtsuki , Shahid Mumtaz

Deep neural networks have led to a series of breakthroughs in computer vision given sufficient annotated training datasets. For novel tasks with limited labeled data, the prevalent approach is to transfer the knowledge learned in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-31 Yi Zhu , Jia Xue , Shawn Newsam

Transfer learning with models pretrained on ImageNet has become a standard practice in computer vision. Transfer learning refers to fine-tuning pretrained weights of a neural network on a downstream task, typically unrelated to ImageNet.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Xander Coetzer , Arné Schreuder , Anna Sergeevna Bosman

Most uses of machine learning today involve training a model from scratch for a particular task, or sometimes starting with a model pretrained on a related task and then fine-tuning on a downstream task. Both approaches offer limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-26 Andrea Gesmundo , Jeff Dean

Transfer learning, which allows a source task to affect the inductive bias of the target task, is widely used in computer vision. The typical way of conducting transfer learning with deep neural networks is to fine-tune a model pre-trained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-26 Yunhui Guo , Honghui Shi , Abhishek Kumar , Kristen Grauman , Tajana Rosing , Rogerio Feris

We address two questions for training a convolutional neural network (CNN) for hyperspectral image classification: i) is it possible to build a pre-trained network? and ii) is the pre-training effective in furthering the performance? To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-01-28 Hyungtae Lee , Sungmin Eum , Heesung Kwon